175 research outputs found
Area Efficient Full Subtractor Based on Static 125nm CMOS Technology
No full textA combinational logic circuit is said to be independent of time since it gives the results based on present input not past input. This research is concerned about the comparison between currently existing full subtractor IC and the subtractor which is built efficiently in the 125nm and observing the distortion and changes caused in the result of both full subtractor. The behaviour of the efficient full subtractor is designed using tanner eda tools which was useful and the currently existing full subtractor is designed using xilnx software and lastly the layout for this research is designed with the help of multisim. With help of this research many newly created circuits can designed much more smaller. G. Hemanth Kumar | K. Gopi | P. Gowtham | G. Naveen Balaji "Area Efficient Full Subtractor Based on Static 125nm CMOS Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18860.pd
Genotypic responses to combined effects of VPD and salinity in hydroponically grown tomato and cucumber
No full textTo reduce pressure on arable land and water resources, crops can be grown in controlled environments that allow one to recuperate water transpired by plants. This would reduce water demand and potentially allow the use of saline water. However, condensing atmospheric water affects the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which will affect plant transpiration, nutrient transport, salt uptake, and ultimate growth. This study examined responses of two genotypes of tomato and cucumber during the vegetative phase to varying VPD levels (3.1 and 1.9 kPa) and NaCl concentrations (0 and 30 mM) grown in hydroponic solutions. Under higher VPD (3.1 kPa), transpiration significantly increased in both tomato and cucumber, driving higher water loss. In tomatoes, higher VPD (3.1 kPa) increased the total dry biomass of the Saluoso genotype from 4.3 to 7.1 g and of the Sweeterno genotype from 4.9 to 7.3 g. Root zone salinity diminished the differences in biomass induced by VPD, with little effect on biomass accumulation in both tomato genotypes. Root zone salinity consistently reduced dry weight in cucumber, lowering Addison's from 15.5 to 9.5 g and Proloog's from 13.5 to 10.0 g, regardless of VPD. Unlike tomato, cucumber did not respond to VPD and was more sensitive to salinity. These findings indicate that in hydroponic cultivation, particularly in protected environments, the possibility of producing clean water alongside crop production depends on species‐specific responses. In tomatoes, high VPD enhanced growth and demonstrated compatibility with the use of saline water, supporting the dual goal of productivity and water recovery. However, in cucumbers, the sensitivity to salinity and lack of response to VPD highlight the need for careful species selection and management to achieve sustainable water use and crop production.Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 10.13039/501100002347Ministry of Innovation, Science and Technology of Israel 10.13039/50110002459
Fuzzy Based Approach to the Recognition of Multi-Font Numerals
No full textIn this paper, we propose a new scheme for off-line recognition of multi-font numerals. In the proposed scheme, the binary image of a character is partitioned into a fixed number of sub-images called boxes. The features consist of normalized vector distances and angles from each box. These features give rise to fuzzy sets. However, when we have small number of samples as in the case of multi-font numerals, the choice of a proper fuzzification function is crucial. Hence, we have devised a new fuzzification function involving parameters, which take account of the variations in the fuzzy sets. These parameters are obtained by optimization
Neuro-Fuzzy Approaches to Signature Verification
No full textThis paper presents neural networks based approach and fuzzy modeling based techniques for the verification of off-line handwritten signatures and detection of simple forgeries. The angle distribution within the signature box constitutes the features needed for the modeling of the signature. The angles made by signature pixels are computed with respect to a reference point, which is taken as the left hand corner of the box. This angle distribution is then clustered using the fuzzy C-means algorithm. By considering the clusters so obtained over the several samples as fuzzy sets, a Takagi-Sugeno model is constructed for the twin-purpose of verification and forgery detection. The same features are also fed to a back propagation neural network (BPNN). The results for both the approaches are demonstrated on sample signatures of four persons
On Applications of 3D-Warping and An Analysis of a RANSAC Heuristic
No full textIn recent years communication of the scene geometry is gaining importance. With development of technologies such as head mounted displays and Augmented Reality (AR) the need for efficient 3D scene communication is becoming vital. Depth sensors are being incorporated into smartphones for large scale deployment of AR applications. 3D-communication require synchronous capture of the scene from multiple viewpoints along with depth for each view, known as Multiview Plus Depth (MVD) data. The number of views required depends on application. Traditionally, it has been assumed that devices are static but for smartphones such an assumption is not valid. The availability of depth modality opens up several possibilities for efficient MVD data compression. In this work we have leveraged depth for better RGB-D data compression and efficient depth estimation. Using the depth information, the RGB-D device motion can be accurately tracked. 3D-warping along with the camera tracking can then be used to generate reference frames to improve compression efficiency of motion vectors. The same mechanism can be used to predict depth in stereo disparity estimation problem.
For robust tacking of the motion of camera array, we have used the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm. RANSAC is an iterative algorithm for robust model parameter estimation. A common practice among implementations of RANSAC is to take a few samples extra than the minimum required for estimation problem, but the implications of this heuristic is lacking in literature. We present a probabilistic analysis of this common heuristic.
We also present a depth data coding algorithm by employing planar segmentation of depth. While all prior work based on this approach remained restricted to images only and under noise-free conditions, we present an efficient solution for noisy depth videos
Eexperimental and numerical studies on behaviour of frp strengthened deep beams with openings
No full textReinforced concrete deep beams are widely used as transfer girders in offshore structures and foundations, walls of bunkers and load bearing walls in buildings. The presence of web openings in such beams is frequently required to provide accessibility such as doors and windows or to accommodate essential services such as ventilating and air conditioning ducts. Enlargement of such openings due to architectural/mechanical requirements and/or a change in the building’s function would reduce the element’s shear capacity, thus rendering a severe safety hazard. Limited studies have been reported in the literature on the behavior and strength of RC deep beams with openings. When such enlargement is unavoidable adequate measures should be taken to strengthen the beam and counteract the strength reduction.The present experimental investigation deals with the study of deep beams containing openings and the validation of results with FEM model using ANSYS. A total of 5 deep beams with openings are casted without shear reinforcements and are tested under three-point loading. Test specimen has a cross section of 150x460 mm and a total length of 1200 mm. Two circular openings, one in each shear span, are placed symmetrically about the mid-point of the beam. The structural response of RC deep beams with openings was primarily dependent on the degree of the interruption of the natural load path. Externally bonded GFRP shear strengthening around the openings was found very effective in upgrading the shear strength of RC deep beams. The strength gain caused by the GFRP sheets was in the range of 68–125%. Finite element modeling of RC deep beams containing openings strengthened with GFRP sheets is studied using ANSYS and the results are compared with experimental findings
Improving Intent Classication By Automatic Data Augmentation Using Word Sense Disambiguation
No full textabstract: Virtual digital assistants are automated software systems which assist humans by understanding natural languages such as English, either in voice or textual form. In recent times, a lot of digital applications have shifted towards providing a user experience using natural language interface. The change is brought up by the degree of ease with which the virtual digital assistants such as Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa can be integrated into your application. These assistants make use of a Natural Language Understanding (NLU) system which acts as an interface to translate unstructured natural language data into a structured form. Such an NLU system uses an intent finding algorithm which gives a high-level idea or meaning of a user query, termed as intent classification. The intent classification step identifies the action(s) that a user wants the assistant to perform. The intent classification step is followed by an entity recognition step in which the entities in the utterance are identified on which the intended action is performed. This step can be viewed as a sequence labeling task which maps an input word sequence into a corresponding sequence of slot labels. This step is also termed as slot filling.
In this thesis, we improve the intent classification and slot filling in the virtual voice agents by automatic data augmentation. Spoken Language Understanding systems face the issue of data sparsity. The reason behind this is that it is hard for a human-created training sample to represent all the patterns in the language. Due to the lack of relevant data, deep learning methods are unable to generalize the Spoken Language Understanding model. This thesis expounds a way to overcome the issue of data sparsity in deep learning approaches on Spoken Language Understanding tasks. Here we have described the limitations in the current intent classifiers and how the proposed algorithm uses existing knowledge bases to overcome those limitations. The method helps in creating a more robust intent classifier and slot filling system.Dissertation/ThesisMasters Thesis Computer Science 201
Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Bilayer Floating Tablets of Metformin HCL and Sitagliptin Phosphate
No full textDiabetes Mellitus (DM), often simply referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person is mainly characterized by hyperglycemia either because of insulin deficiency or because of the resistance shown by the cells to insulin produced in the body. It may also be characterized by glycosuria, negative nitrogen balance, and sometimes ketonemia. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger). In the present study an attempt was made to design a combination bi layer tablet containing Metformin Hcl gastro retentive floating sustained release layer and Sitagliptin immediate release layer. FT - IR studies reveal that there were no significant interactions between both the drugs and between the drugs and their respective excipients. For achieving sustained release of Metformin two hydrophilic swellable polymers like HPMC K100M and sodium CMC were used. Here, F7 containing combination of both polymers gave better sustained release for 12 hrs when compared to individual polymers. Formulation F7 gave 98.73 % W/V drug release after 12 hrs. Therefore F7 was selected as best formulation among F1-F10 and it is comparable to marketed Metformin tablets (GLUCOPGAGE XR). From this study by preparing bilayer tablets, it was concluded that we could reduce the total dose, dosage frequency, dose related side effects, and improve the bioavailability of Metformin which in turn improves the patient compliance. Thus a fixed dose combination tablet of Metformin and Sitagliptin were designed as bilayer tablets which will have good patient compliance over their individual marketed counterparts. However, further clinical studies are needed to access the utility of this system
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