1,720,980 research outputs found
Plastic and environmental safety: the effects of EDCs on metabolism, reproduction and epigenetic processes
Get PDFPer inquinamento causato dalle materie plastiche si intende l’accumulo in ambiente di prodotti plastici in grado di indurre problemi sia all’ambiente che alle specie selvatiche. Il Bisfenolo A (BPA) è uno dei distruttori endocrini maggiormente prodotti a livello mondiale durante la lavorazione della plastica. Numerosi studi hanno mostrato la capacità di questo inquinante di creare effetti dannosi sia sull’uomo che sulle specie selvatiche, per cui nel tempo sono stati compiuti diversi tentativi volti a trovare delle valide alternative. Tra i possibili sostituti, in questo studio di dottorato, l’attenzione è stata focalizzata sul Dhietylene dibenzoato (DGB) ed il Diisononilftalato (DiNP).
Lo scopo principale di questo progetto è stato quindi quello di studiare l’impatto di questi plastificanti, focalizzando l’attenzione sui loro effetti nella riproduzione e nel metabolismo lipidico. Gli effetti del nonilfenolo, dell’ottilfenolo (t-OP) e del BPA sul metabolismo lipidico, sono stati inoltre analizzati in giovanili di orata.
I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato come, sia il BPA, che il DiNP, siano in grado di interferire con il processo di oogenesi e che, sia il BPA che il DGB, sono in grado di interferire con il metabolismo lipidico nello zebrafish.
La somministrazione a giovanili di orata di mangimi contaminati con diversi inquinanti tra cui il BPA, ha mostrato la loro capacità di indurre disordini metabolici, mostrando come oltre all’esposizione ambientale, anche il consumo di cibi contaminati possa essere considerata una fonte di esposizione importante ai contaminanti.
Concludendo, il presente progetto di dottorato, mostra la capacità di alcuni distruttori endocrini, utilizzati nella lavorazione della plastica e nei detergenti, di interferire con la riproduzione ed il metabolismo lipidico nei teleostei, agendo prevalentemente in maniera dose dipendente, secondo curve non-monotoniche e, nel caso del BPA, interferendo con i meccanismi epigenetici
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
EDCs: Focus on reproductive alterations in mammalian and nonmammalian models
No full textIt is well known that endocrine-disrupting chemicals, thanks to their ability to mimic or antagonize sexual hormone activity, can affect the reproductive functions of both wild animals and humans. Some of them are slow to break down in the environment, making them potentially hazardous over time. Starting in 2000, experts concluded there was credible evidence that very low doses of some hormone-like chemicals can adversely affect bodily functions in test animals. Many studies so far evaluated the endocrine properties of a plethora of chemicals, and in this chapter, attention will be mainly posed to Bisphenol A, its analogs, most common phthalates, and components of flame retardants. All these compounds affect body reproductive tissues in mammalian and nonmammalian species by interacting with the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Results presented within the chapter will help to create a comprehensive database from several scientific studies on how different substances interact with natural hormones and their receptors, thus contrasting or potentiating their physiological effects
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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