1,826 research outputs found
Does alcohol protect against ischaemic heart disease in Bulgaria? A case-control study of non-fatal myocardial infarction in Sofia.
No full textCent Eur J Public Health 2001 May;9(2):83-6 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Does alcohol protect against ischaemic heart disease in Bulgaria? A case-control study of non-fatal myocardial infarction in Sofia. Genchev GD, Georgieva LM, Weijenberg MP, Powles JW. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Sofia, Bulgaria. BACKGROUND: Many observational studies have shown that alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). IHD mortality has generally fallen in established market economies but not in some countries of Eastern Europe. Since the level of consumption of saturated fat does not explain these differences in trends, other associations with risk need to be explored. We investigated whether alcohol consumption also presents a U or J-shaped association with IHD risk in a case-control study in Bulgaria. METHODS: Cases (n = 155) were admissions to the cardiology unit, Central Clinical Hospital, Sofia, aged 45 to 69, with confirmed diagnoses of ischaemic heart disease. Controls (n = 154) were concurrent admissions for minor elective surgery. Measurements were made of blood pressure, height and weight and a blood sample was taken around three days after admission. Subjects were interviewed before discharge and asked about the type and amount of alcohol they consumed. RESULTS: Reported alcohol intake demonstrated a J-shaped association with the risk of IHD. The odds ratio (adjusted only for age and sex) was 0.67 (95% CI 0.34-1.28) for patients reporting 0.01-18 g/d of alcohol consumption daily, and 0.36 (95% CI 0.18-0.73) for 18.01-36 g/d, compared to patients reporting to be abstainers. The associations with alcohol intake remained statistically significant and unaltered after adjustment for established IHD risk factors: HDL cholesterol, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, family history, education, physical activity and risk factors significantly related with IHD: fruit and vegetables consumption, type of fat used in cooking, bread consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with previous studies showing a J-shaped association between alcohol intake and IHD risk. The highest protective effect we observed for levels of alcohol intake 18.01-36 g/d, which corresponds to 100-200 ml wine or 1-2 beers, or little more than 50-100 ml spirits
High-resolution elastic recoil detection utilizing Bayesian probability theory
No full textElastic recoil detection (ERD) analysis is improved in view of depth resolution and the reliability of the measured spectra. Good statistics at even low ion fluences is obtained utilizing a large solid angle of 5 msr at the Munich Q3D magnetic spectrograph and using a 40 MeV Au-197 beam. In this way the elemental depth profiles are not essentially altered during analysis even if distributions with area densities below 1 x 10(14) atoms/cm(2) are measured. As the energy spread due to the angular acceptance is fully eliminated by ion-optical and numerical corrections, an accurate and reliable apparatus function is derived. It allows to deconvolute the measured spectra using the adaptive kernel method, a maximum entropy concept in the framework of Bayesian probability theory. In addition, the uncertainty of the reconstructed spectra is quantified, The concepts are demonstrated at C-13 depth profiles measured at ultra-thin films of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C). Depth scales of those profiles are given with an accuracy of 1.4 x 10(15) atoms/ cm(2). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products
No full textRaman spectroscopy in a confocal microscope was used to study electrochemically synthesized corrosion products from sour gas experiments. When exposed to oxygen-containing atmosphere, the initial mackinawite FeS corrosion product transformed under laser irradiation to hematite, Fe2O3. Measurements with a thin water layer on top of the corrosion products prevented the transformation, as drying was prevented. In situ Raman measurements of mackinawite formation avoided the problem of transformation completely. In situ and operando, the initially formed mackinawite showed two Raman peaks in the wavenumber range > 180 cm− 1 centered around 200–215 cm− 1 and 285–300 cm− 1. On an empirical basis, these modes were assigned to a B1g mode of the iron sublattice and an A1g mode of the sulfur sublattice, respectively. A comparison with a literature assignment for aged mackinawite suggests that the aging observed involves significant changes in the sulfur sublattice.© The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Nuclear structure studies in mirror nuclei
No full textThe nuclear structure of the A=31 and A=47 mirror couples produced by two fusion evaporation reactions has been elaborated, utilizing the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Excited states in 31P and 31S were populated using the 1p and 1n exit channels, respectively, of the reaction 20Ne + 12C, while in 47Cr and 47V couple excited states were populated based on 28Si + 28Si reaction, as products of 2an and 2ap exit channels. The A=31 mirror couple was studied utilizing Piave-Alpi accelerator of the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro with GASP multidetector array and for A=47 one - with the EUROBALL array using XTU Tandem also in Legnaro. In both cases the lifetime measurements in mirror couples at the same experiment open possibilities for investigations of isospin symmetry. Determined B(E1) strengths in the mirror nuclei 31P and 31S allow to extract the isoscalar component, which can reach up to 24% of the isovector one. The B(E1) values can be modeled by the Equation of motion method. In the case of A=47 mirror couple, the quadrupole moments can be described by shell-model calculations
Sour gas corrosion – corrosion of steels and other metallic materials in aqueous environments containing H<sub>2</sub>S
No full textThe corrosion of metals, mainly steels, in contact with H2S-containing solutions is a general problem especially in gas and oil production. The corrosion products are hydrogen and iron sulfides. Penetration of the hydrogen into the material leads to the typical hydrogen-related damage mechanisms. On the other hand, the sulfide corrosion products do not normally form a protective layer, as opposed to oxidic corrosion products in other situations. This contribution summarizes the state-of-the-art in the field and discusses approaches to combat sour corrosion
INEQUALITIES FOR POLYNOMIALS AND TRIGONOMETRIC POLYNOMIALS RELATED TO THE BERNSTEIN INEQUALITY
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A solution of the trigonometric moment problem via Tagamlitzki's "Theorem of the Cones"
No full textIn 1952 Y. Tagamlitzki gave an elegant proof of the classical Bochner’s theorem on the positively definite functions. Unfortunately, he never published his proof. In this paper we consider a related but simpler problem, the trigonometric moment problem, by using Tagamlitzki’s approach
Pratiques collaboratives et démarche environnementale dans la supply chain : mythe ou réalité ?
No full textL'objectif de cette recherche est d'éclairer la diversité des pratiques collaboratives et leur possible déclinaison dans une démarche environnementale commune aux acteurs de la collaboration. Plus particulièrement, il s'agit d'illustrer des pratiques collaboratives différentes et de décrire la manière dont est prise en compte la contrainte environnementale dans chacune d'entre elles. Nous nous appuyons sur sept monographies de collaboration appartenant à divers secteurs d'activité et étapes de la supply chain. Cette démarche exploratoire nous permet de poser l'hypothèse que les formes de proximité entre les acteurs déterminent des modes de collaboration spécifiques et des logiques de mise au vert de la chaîne particulières.Pratiques collaborative ; supply chain verte ; études de cas ; typologie
EGG quality traits in WG, GG and GL Japanese quail populations
No full textThe aim of the study was to evaluate egg quality traits in three heavy Japanese quail populations created and reared in the Poultry Breeding Unit of the Trakia University – Bulgaria, marked as WG, GG and GL. In the experiments, 160 female birds from populations WG and GG, and 96 birds from population GL were tested up to the 6th production month. The main egg quality traits were controlled. The highest average egg weight was registered in WG group and the lowest in GL group, 14.04±0.32 g and 12.79±0.29 g respectively (p<0.05). The highest average Shape index was observed in group GG (78.31±0.53%), vs the lowest in WG quails (77.55±0.62%). Albumen proportion is almost 2/3 of egg mass, with average values from 57.14% in group WG tо 59.90% in group GG. Yolk proportion was about 30%, with smaller differences between the groups. The shell share from all tested groups comprised between 10.95 and 12.58% of egg weight. Average shell thickness was the greatest in eggs of WG quails (223.53±5.52 µm), and the lowest – in GG quails (216.91±6.83 µm). Egg quality traits were typical for the meat productive type of Japan quails
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