1,721,020 research outputs found
The Adjustment of Infants and Toddlers to Group Care: The First 6 Months
No full textThis article describes the behavior of infants, toddlers, and their center caregivers at entry and after 3 and 6 months of group care. Longitudinal data revealed increased activity/interest and peer interaction, along with a dramatic decline in negative affect and adult interaction/contact during the first 3 months. Age-matched group comparisons, which provided a conservative estimate of change, revealed modest improvement in child behavior after 3 months, and a substantial improvement after 6 months of care. Recovery appeared on composite variables of activity/interest, positive affect, and negative affect as well as on individual component variables such as schema play, visual regard, immobility, exploration, positive peer interaction, negative affect, an vocalization. Lower levels of adult interaction after 3 months occurred primarily in contact, proximity, and confort behaviors; positive adult interaction was higher after 6 months of care. As hypothesized, the unhappiest babies received the most adult attention at entry and during the first 3 months. After 6 months of attendance, caregivers attended most to emotionally expressive babies, both positive and negative. Babies who showed the most positive affect at entry were likely to do so 6 months later when they were also likely to receive the highest levels of adult and peer stimulation
Antecedents of Maternal Separation Anxiety
No full textAntecedents of maternal separation anxiety were examined in 83 Italian mothers prior to their infants or toddlers entering group care. As measured by the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale, mothers' anxiety did not vary with the child's age. Hierarchical regressions revealed that anxious mothers were younger and less educated, received less support, had temperamentally negative infants, and provided less varied stimulation in the home (accounting for 44% of the variance in general anxiety, subscale 1). For infants, only parent background and social support predicted anxiety, but for toddlers negative temperament and social isolation were predictive (together accounting for 38% of the variance). Anxiety of Italian mothers was similar on subscale 1 to U.S. samples, but lower on subscale 3
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
sj-docx-2-jic-10.1177_08850666231175646 - Supplemental material for Decreased Utilization of Low Tidal Volume Ventilation Outside of the Intensive Care Unit as Compared to Inside
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-jic-10.1177_08850666231175646 for Decreased Utilization of Low Tidal Volume Ventilation Outside of the Intensive Care Unit as Compared to Inside by Luke Andrea, MD, Ari Moskowitz, MD, MPH, Jen-Ting Chen, MD, MS, and Daniel G. Fein, MD in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
sj-docx-1-jic-10.1177_08850666231175646 - Supplemental material for Decreased Utilization of Low Tidal Volume Ventilation Outside of the Intensive Care Unit as Compared to Inside
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jic-10.1177_08850666231175646 for Decreased Utilization of Low Tidal Volume Ventilation Outside of the Intensive Care Unit as Compared to Inside by Luke Andrea, MD, Ari Moskowitz, MD, MPH, Jen-Ting Chen, MD, MS, and Daniel G. Fein, MD in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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