1,720,969 research outputs found
Apathy and mood disorders after Acquired Brain Injury: presentation of two research projects
Full text linkThis abstract is only referred to the first study presented in my Phd thesis: The diagnosis of apathy, one of the most common behavioral changes of Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), is important to improve clinical understanding and treatment of persons with ABI, and to decrease the degree of disability. The main aim of the study was to determine the possible role of apathy on conflict monitoring, by using choice reaction time tasks. We examined behavioral responses of conflict monitoring during three different Flanker tasks (each defined by a specific set of stimuli) in 5 severe ABI patients with diagnosis of apathy, 5 severe ABI patients without apathy and 15 healthy controls. The main result of the study was that the performance of patients with apathy was worse than that of healthy subjects, whereas patients without apathy showed slower reactions times in comparison both to healthy subjects and patients with apathy. Results also showed that only patients with apathy exhibited a significantly higher number of missing trials, suggesting that this clinical population may have had more difficulties in identifying the target stimuli, preferring a strategy of not reacting when they found more difficulties instead of taking more time to response. Our results may suggest a potential link between apathy following severe ABI and conflict monitoring processes, even though further investigations with larger sample size are needed
Distributed cognitive maps reflecting real distances between places and views in the human brain
No full textCopyright statement:{\copyright} 2014 Sulpizio, Committeri and Galati. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author (s) or ..
Where does an object trigger an action? An investigation about affordances in space
No full textA series of experiments provide evidence that
affordances rely not only on the mutual appropriateness of
the features of an object and the abilities of an individual,
but also on the fact that those features fall within her own
reachable space, thus being really ready-to-her-own-hand.
We used a spatial alignment effect paradigm and systematically
examined this effect when the visually presented
object was located either within or outside the peripersonal
space of the participants, both from a metric (Experiment
1) and from a functional point of view (Experiment 2). We
found that objectual features evoke actions only when the
object is presented within the portion of the peripersonal
space that is effectively reachable by the participants.
Experiments 3 and 4 ruled out that our results could be
merely accounted for by differences in the visual salience
of the presented objects. Our data suggest that the power of
an object to automatically trigger an action is strictly linked
to the effective possibility that a
Ready both to your and to my hands: mapping the action space of others.
Full text linkTo date, mutual interaction between action and perception has been investigated mainly by focusing on single individuals. However, we perceive affording objects and acts upon them in a surrounding world inhabited by other perceiving and acting bodies. Thus, the issue arises as to whether our action-oriented object perception might be modulated by the presence of another potential actor. To tackle this issue we used the spatial alignment effect paradigm and systematically examined this effect when a visually presented handled object was located close either to the perceiver or to another individual (a virtual avatar). We found that the spatial alignment effect occurred whenever the object was presented within the reaching space of a potential actor, regardless of whether it was the participant's own or the other's reaching space. These findings show that objects may afford a suitable motor act when they are ready not only to our own hand but also, and most importantly, to the other's hand. Our proposal is that this effect is likely to be due to a mapping of our own and the other's reaching space and we posit that such mapping could play a critical role in joining our own and the other's action
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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