1,721,157 research outputs found
Chirurgia robotica versus open nel trattamento dell'adenocarcinoma gastrico
Full text linkAim
Gastric cancer is the fifht most common neoplasia and the third cause of death for tumor.Surgical treatment is the only curative option and open surgery is still the most common approach, while laparoscopic treatment is limited to high volume and high experienced centres. Robotic surgery allows to overcome limits of laparoscopic surgery, by reproducing the same gesture of open surgery and standardizing complex oncologic procedures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the oncological efficacy and safety of robotic surgery for gastric cancer, compared to open surgery.
Methods
We collected in a prospective database all patients treated for gastric cancer in the Surgical Unit of San Donato Hospital in Arezzo, from October 2012 to July 2016. 133 received curative surgery (R0/R1). Among these, 92 patients are treated with open approach, while 41 underwent to robotic treatment. Patients are not randomized and we chose the treatment, open versus robotic, considering patients charateristics, clinical stadiation, ASA risk and surgeon’s experience. We then corrected the lack of randomization by using the statistical matching by Propensity Score.
Results
We use the system SPSS for statistical analysis. Robotic surgery is related to longer operative time (295 min vs 160, p15) but the number of harvested lymhpnodes is higher in robotic group (25 vs 19 p<0,05). At short term results analysis there are no differences in time to oral feeding and post-operative stay. Robotica is related to less operative blood loss and lower rate of transfusion. Mean time of oncological follow-up was 22 months. Kaplan-Meier curves of OS and RFS show no differences between the two groups.
Conclusions
Robotic approach is introduced for treatment of gastric cancer a decade ago only. International literature agrees in confering to robotic surgery same oncological results to open surgery and better post-operative outcomes. Our analysis shows a better trend in intraoperative blood loss and transfusions for robotic surgery. At medium-term follow-up we have no differences in Overal Survival e Recurrence Free Survival, confirming the appropriateness of robotic approach
I teologi e l’avaria generale: linguaggi del rischio tra XIII e XVIII secolo
Full text linkBy taking into analysis a wide range of scholastic texts, this essay aims at filling a gap in our understanding of how risk was perceived and theorized in pre-modern Europe. Scholarly investigations have so far underlined how intellectuals, while discussing about marine insurance, were able to explore the economic dimensions of risk, including its measurability and profitability. However, we know very little about what they thought about alternatives to insurance and, by focusing on General Average, this study intends to overcome this shortcoming. An extensive survey of scholastic writings from the 13th to the 18th century, shows that theologians had difficulty at considering General Average as worthy of in-depth discussion. Only at the end of the 16th century scholasticism acknowledges the principles currently used in legal literature, without this prompting anything comparable to the discussions on insurance or gambling. Nonetheless, these sources reveal alternative ways to describe sea risks, where the emphasis is not on calculus or profit but on shared responsibility, collective action, and ex-post mitigation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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