1,721,030 research outputs found
Increase of alsosterone secretion following acute haloperidol administration : possible clinical implications.
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Dementia of the frontal type: neuropsychological and [99Tc]-HM-PAO SPET features.
No full textDementia of the frontal type (DFT) is a degenerative disorder with early behavioral and language disturbances and with relative preservation of memory and visuospatial abilities. On neuropathology, DFT lacks the pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed the neuropsychological and SPET imaging features of 11 DFT and 16 AD patients. The two groups had similar performances on verbal learning, while the former had significantly higher nonverbal learning scores. Testing of verbal and nonverbal instrumental abilities showed that this different behavior could be due to poorer verbal fluency of DFT patients, and not necessarily to poorer learning. Neuropsychological data indicated that the often reported sparing of memory in daily functions of DFT patients can also be shown with formal neuropsychological testing of nonverbal learning. SPET showed a comparatively higher perfusion deficit of frontal regions in the left hemisphere of DFT patients, suggesting that this region might be affected more often in the disease
Differential associations of Head and Body Symptoms with depression and physical comorbidity in patients with cognitive impairment
No full textObjective. To test the hypothesis that physical symptoms referred to the head might be specifically associated with depression in patients with cognitive impairment. Methods. Subjects were taken from those enrolled in 'The Mild Project' a prospective study on the natural history of mild dementia (Mini Mental State Examination ≥18) and with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and mild cognitive impairment. A total of 129 subjects were included in the study. Physical symptoms were assessed with a checklist investigating nine different body organs or apparati. Physical symptoms were grouped into those referred to the head (Head Symptoms: ear and hearing; eyes and sight; and head and face) and all the others (Body Symptoms). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and physical comorbidity with Greenfield's Index of Disease Severity (IDS). Results. The number of patients reporting one or more Head Symptoms linearly increased with increasing depression severity (Mantel-Haenszel test=6.497, df=1, p=0.011), while the number of patients reporting one or more Body Symptoms linearly increased with increasing physical comorbidity (Mantel-Haenszel test=4.726, df=1, p=0.030). These associations were confirmed in multivariate logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounders (age, gender, education, cognitive performance, daily function, and diagnosis). Conclusions. Head Symptoms are specifically associated with depression while Body Symptoms with physical comorbidity, in patients with cognitive impairment. Recognizing these associations in individual patients may help clinicians decide whether to initiate or continue antidepressant therapy or whether to carry out physical instrumental investigations. Copyrigh
Single photon emission computed tomography with [99Tc]-HM-PAO and [123I]-IBZM in Alzheimer's disease and dementia of frontal type: preliminary results.
No full textDementia of frontal type (DFT) is a fairly common degenerative disease distinct from Alzheimer's disease (AD), whose reportedly distinctive instrumental feature is frontal lobe hypoperfusion on SPECT. We evaluated the cortical dopaminergic system in 6 AD, 5 DFT, and 6 control subjects with SPECT and both [99Tc]-HM-PAO, a perfusion tracer, and [123I]-IBZM, a D2 postsynaptic ligand. Both in AD and DFT patients, [99Tc]-HM-PAO SPECT showed a relative frontal hypoperfusion. On the contrary, [123I]-IBZM SPECT showed significantly reduced ligand uptake in superior frontal regions of DFT (0.89 +/- 0.08 relative to control subjects) as compared to AD patients (0.97 +/- 0.02; difference of means: 0.08, 95\% Confidence Interval 0.004 to 0.156; p = 0.041). Results suggest more marked involvement of the frontal cortical dopaminergic system in DFT than in AD patients
Corticobasal degeneration: neuropsychological assessment and dopamine D2 receptor SPECT analysis.
No full textWe report a case of clinically diagnosed corticobasal degeneration, in whom neuropsychological testing was performed along with functional imaging with IBZM SPECT. HM-PAO SPECT showed marked perfusion asymmetry in parietal cortical regions, lower to the right, contralateral to the most affected side. IBZM SPECT, which gives information about postsynaptic dopaminergic D2 receptors, showed severe reduction of tracer uptake in the right basal ganglia. Our findings suggest that a postsynaptic lesion in the basal ganglia might account for the lack of response of extrapyramidal motor symptoms to dopaminergic agonists in corticobasal degeneration
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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