169 research outputs found
Legislazione e programmi di controllo nella tubercolosi bovina
No full textNel contributo è individuata ed esaminata la legislazione nazionale e dell'UE sulla tubercolosi bovina. In aprticolare sono trattati gli aspetti legati a:le metodiche di diagnosi ufficiale di tbc, la definizione di animale infetto e sospetto d'infezione, i provvedimenti per gli animali sospetti ed infetti conseguenti alla denuncia di focolaio, le modalità e tempi per il ripopolamento dell'allevamento, la definizione di allevamento ufficialmente indenne da tbc, la sospensione e la revoca della qualifica di allevamento ufficialmente indenne da tbc, le disposizioni particolari, i laboratori ufficiali di riferimento, la sistuazione epidemiologica ed i territiori italiani indenni, l'indenniotà di abbattimento, le norme sulla movimentazione di animali tra paesi UE e per l'importazione da paesi terzi, gli aspetti di sicurezza alimentare
Reduction of food phatogens prevalence in dietary S.cerevisiae-fed poultry orally challenged with S.enteritidis and C. jejuni.
No full textThe effect of yeast supplementation in broiler chickens on Salmonella enteritidis and Campylobacter
jejuni contamination in faeces, cecum, breast, and neck skin was evaluated. Two groups (12
replicates/group, 20 Hubbard female chickens 1d old/replicate) were fed pre-starter (0-10d), starter
(11-20d) and growing (21-38d) diets, and administered (Y) or not (C) Levucell® SB20
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae type boulardii I-1079; 106 CFU/g feed through a 0.05% premix). Birds
were orally challenged at 10 days of life (S. enteritidis, 1x105 CFU/bird, and C. jejuni, 3x105
CFU/bird). On day 10 and 28 post-infection (PI), 10 animals/replicate were slaughtered and pooled
ceca content of 5 birds/replicate was analysed for Salmonella and Campylobacter detection and
enumeration together with total yeast count. Neck and breast skin were tested for Salmonella and
Campylobacter presence on 1 subject/replicate. Data were analysed by a GLM procedure of SAS
considering two experimental periods, from 0 to 20 days and from 20 to 38 days. Growth
performance and faecal coliforms content were not affected by treatment. Higher yeast and
lactobacilli (P=0.01) faecal count, and a significant decreased Salmonella enumeration and
frequency in neck (-41%, P=0.03) and tendency in faeces (-25%; P=0.06), cecum (-25%; P=0.06),
and breast skin (-33%; P=0.08) were found in Y group on day 38. No fecal Campylobacter was
detected at 10d (P<0.01) or 28d (P=0.06) PI in Y birds, while in neck skin absence of Campylobacter
was only recorded on day 10 PI (P=0.01). Campylobacter was significantly lower in Y birds in
cecum (-42%; P=0.01), and breast skin (-58%; P=0.04) on 10d PI, while on day 38 it was reduced in
breast skin (-42%; P=0.02), and tended to decrease in faeces (-25%; P=0.06). Saccharomyces
cerevisiae (CNCM I-1079) significantly controlled Campylobacter carriage in chickens with some
positive results also on Salmonella contamination, thus reducing the contamination of carcasses
with both food borne pathogens
Diagnosi di enteropatia proliferativa suina da Lawsonia intracellularis.
No full textL'enteropatia proliferativa è una patologia enterica estremamente comune nel suino ed è causata da Lawsonia intracellularis, un batterio intracellulare obbligato. La malattia si manifesta in differenti forme cliniche, tutte caratterizzate macroscopicamente da un ispessimento della mucosa del piccolo intestino e del colon. La modificazione istologica di base è rappresentata da un processo proliferativo di cellule epiteliali immature nelle cripte dell'ileo e del colon, che porta alla formazione di cripte allungate o ramificate. Le cellule proliferate contengono grandi quantità di batterio all'interno del citoplasma. Sono state sviluppate diverse metodiche per la diagnosi della malattia, come tests sierologici e PCR. L’istologia, e in particolare l’immunoistochimica, sono le metodiche migliori per la diagnosi post mortem della malattia
Bioavailability of coated amoxicillin in pigs field experiences
No full textAmoxicillin, a -lactam antibiotic widely used in pigs, has a broad spectrum of action and bactericidal activity against the commo
n respiratory pathogens.
The aim of the present study was to identify the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic behaviour of two different formulations
of amoxicillin orally administered to pigs. A new premix for medicated feedstuff containing 10% of coated amoxicillin, was
developed using a hydrophobic matrix and was compared with a premix for medicated feedstuff containing 10% of not coated
amoxicillin. Two feed formulations medicated with 20 gr. of the two premixes for medicated feedstuff were administered to
8 pigs using a two period, two sequence crossover design with a 7 days washout period. Medicated feed was administered to
pigs as a single dose at 8 mg/kg b.w., and was rapidly and totally consumed.
Amoxicillin analyses in serum were performed by a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with
fluorometric detection, using an extraction procedure already described for edible tissues of fish and adapted and validated for
pig serum. The oral bioavailability of the formulation with coated amoxicillin was higher than the one of not coated amoxicilli
n and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values was significantly different (P<0.05). Differences between
the mean maximum concentration (Cmax), time of Cmax (tmax) and mean residence time (MRT) of the drug formulations were
also statistically significant.
Coated amoxicillin is suitable for in-feed administration to pigs and, thanks to its higher oral bioavailability compared to the
not coated compound; it may be more effective for the treatment of susceptible infections. The bioavailability of the coated
formulation most probably is referred to a greater stability in acid environment compared to not coated amoxicillin. Furthermore
the protection of amoxicillin with a hydrophobic matrix matches with a reduced risk of cross-contamination and improves
safety of feed manufacturing
Influenza suina in Italia e in Europa. Situazione attuale e prospettive future
No full textL’influenza suina è una patologia endemica negli allevamenti intensivi ed è direttamente responsabile di gravi perdite economiche. Per la messa a punto di corrette strategie di diagnosi e di controllo aziendale dell’infezione, oltre alla corretta applicazione di misure di profilassi diretta e indiretta, sono necessarie delle attività di sorveglianza dei ceppi di SIV circolanti in grado di rilevare tempestivamente le loro modificazioni antigeniche e patogenetiche
COMPARATIVE STUDY AND VIROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON PMWS SUSPECTED AND NON SUSPECTED FARMS IN ITALY
No full text
The effect of plant polyphenols on the antioxidant defence system of weaned piglets subjected to an Escherichia coli challenge
No full textThe goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of an optimized plant polyphenol (PP) mixture consisting of polyphenols extracted from apples, grape seeds, green teas and olive leaves on the systemic antioxidant capacity in piglets orally challenged with Escherichia coli (E. coli). A total of 24 piglets were weaned at 28 days and allocated to 4 groups for a 42-d experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial design comparing different dietary treatments [a basal diet without (CTR) or with 0.1% of the optimized PP mixture (PP)] and oral E. coli challenges on days 21 and 25 (saline or E. coli). On days 25, 27 and 34 of the trial, one piglet from each pen was selected for blood sampling. The E. coli challenge decreased the gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) from day 21 to day 42 (P < 0.10), reduced plasma superoxide anion (SAIC) and hydroxyl radical (HRIC) inhibiting capacities, and increased the plasma ceruloplasmin content on day 27 (P < 0.10). PP supplementation increased the G:F ratio from day 21 to day 42 (P < 0.10). Compared with the CTR diet, PP supplementation increased plasma GSH-Px activity on day 25 and plasma T-AOC activity on day 27 (P < 0.10), and dietary PP increased plasma SAIC on day 27 and plasma HRIC on day 34 (P < 0.10). These results suggest that PP supplementation may improve the antioxidant status of post-weaning piglets and counteract some of the negative effects that occur when piglets are challenged with E. coli
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