1,721,005 research outputs found
Air Low Temperature-Long-Time Cooking: Feasibility and Food Quality
No full textBackground: Low-temperature long-time (LTLT) cooking under vacuum prevents moisture, nutrient, volatile losses and oxidative changes. In addition, aerobic bacteria are inhibited causing shelf-life increasing. The feasibility of under vacuum cooking in convec-tion oven versus classical heating in water bath was investigated through the assessment of different foods quality characteristics.
Methods: Two different LTLT cooking appliances were used: a prototype oven using a convective function, and a controlled water bath, both operating within 60 to 90 °C. The tests were conducted on tenderloin beef (2 and 4 cm thick), carrots (200 and 400 g weight), and salmon fillet (1.5 and 3 cm thick); all products were vacuum sealed in plastic bags. Weight loss and moisture were determined. Texture evaluation was assessed by TPA test for beef and salmon, while a cutting test was employed for carrots. To evaluate potential thermal damage, protein carbonyl content in beef, carotenoids in carrots, and lipid perox-idation in salmon were determined.
Results: Throughout the cooking process, for all samples heat penetration curves were recorded, demonstrating reproducible tests within each food category and that safe temperature and time thresholds were consistently reached. As expected, time-tempera-ture profiles show that the convection air cavity exhibited a longer cooking time compared to the classical sous vide. Cooking weight losses and moisture content were low and sim-ilar across all food categories and sample sizes. Texture evaluation revealed higher ten-derness for thicker beef and salmon, using both cooking methods. Water cooking led to softer carrots, regardless of the sample weight. Protein carbonyl content, carotenoids and lipid peroxidation indices were low and similar for the various cooking conditions.
Conclusions: The results suggest that sous vide LTLT cooking can be effectively per-formed by convective air heating, making feasible the use of common cooking appliances to improve the nutritional value of our meals
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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