1,720,966 research outputs found
Resistance to antibiotics used in the first-line treatment for h.pylori eradication
No full textGİRİŞ VE AMAÇ: Ülkemizde klaritromisin direncinin yıllar içinde belirgin olarak arttığı, bunun sonucunda klasik 3'lü tedavi protokolünün etkinliğinin azaldığı ve H.pylori için eradikasyon başarısının % 60'ların altına dek indiği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle yerine alternatif olarak önerilen levofloksasinin direnç ve tedavideki etkinliğini araştırmak için bu çalışmayı planladık.HASTALAR VE YÖNTEM: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı'na Temmuz 2010 - Şubat 2011 arasında 116 hastadan endoskopi sırasında kültür için örnekler alındı. 52 hastadan üreme elde edildi, amoksisilin, klaritromisin, levofloksasin ve için E-test metoduyla duyarlılık testleri çalışıldı. Çalışmamızda, amoksisilin klaritromisin ve levofloksasin için kullanılan MIC değerleri sırasıyla >0.5 µg/ml, ≥1 µg/ml, >1 µg/ml'dir.BULGULAR: 116 hasta içinde 52 hastada kültür üremesi gerçekleşti. Bu 52 hastanın amoksisilin, klaritromisin ve levofloksasin için E-test ile saptanmış olan direnç oranları sırasıyla % 15.4, % 26.9 ve % 25.5, olarak saptandı. SONUÇ: Bu çalışmada amoksisilin direnci % 15.4 olarak bulundu (2 sınırda duyarlılıktaki örnek dirençli kabul edilmediğinde amoksisilin direnci % 11.5 olarak belirtilmelidir). Bu çalışmada saptanan amoksisilin direnci dünya genelinde bildirilen % 0-3'lük oranının çok üzerinde bulundu. Klaritromisin için saptadığımız % 26.9 direnç oranı, EHPSG'un belirlediği, klaritromisinli tedavi için belirlenen sınır direnç değeri olan % 20'nin üzerindedir. Hem amoksisilin hem de klaritromisin için gösterilen yüksek direnç oranları klasik 3'lü tedavi ile neden yeterince başarı sağlayamadığımızı açıklayabilir. Bu çalışmada levofloksasin direnci % 25.5 olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuçta, levofloksasin içeren bir rejim ile de yüksek eradikasyon başarısı sağlanmayabilir. H.pylori için birinci basamak tedavi için başka rejimlerin araştırılması önerilir. Bizim çalışmamıza göre, levofloksasin içeren bir rejimin Türkiye için ideal bir alternatif tedavi olmadığı söylenebilir.INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: It is well known that the clarithromycin resistance has been increasing in Turkey, consequently the effect of the classical treatment protocol (triple therapy) has decreased and the success of H.Pylori eradication with this treatment has dropped down under 60 %. Therefore, we have planned a research study aiming to investigate the resistance to levofloxacin, which has been suggested as an alternative to the classical treatment protocol, and its effectiveness in treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, biopsy samples (for culture studies) were taken from 116 patients during endoscopy between June 2010 and February 2011. Rapid Urease Tests were performed on the biopsy samples obtained from 52 patients. Sensitivity tests for amoxicillin, clarithromycin and levofloxacin were conducted with the E-test method. In our studies, the MIC values used for amoxicilin, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin were >0.5 µg/ml, ≥1 µg/ml, and >1 µg/ml, respectively.RESULTS: Cultures were grown from biopsy samples taken from 52 (out of 116) patients. Amoxicillin, levofloxacin and clarithromycin resistances, determined with the E-test method, were found to be 15.4 %, 26.9 % and 25.5 % respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, amoxicillin resistance was found to be 15.4 %. (If the two samples with intermediate sensitivity are not considered to be "resistant", amoxicillin resistance would be 11.5 %.) This resistance prevalence rate is much higher than the worldwide resistance prevalence of 0-3 %. Clarithromycin resistance was found to be 26.9 %, which is higher than the resistance upper limit of 20 %, determined by EHPSG for clarithromycin treatment. Significantly high amoxicillin and clarithromycin resistance prevalence rates determined in our studies can explain why the success rate of treatment with the classical triple therapy is not satisfactory. In this study, levofloxacin resistance was found to be 25.5 %. Hence, high success rates may not be possible with H.Pylori eradication treatment regimens with levofloxacin, and other regimens for H. Pylori (first step) treatment should be investigated. Based on our results, we can conclude that a regimen with levofloxacin is not an ideal treatment for patients with H.Pylori in Turkey
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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