676 research outputs found
Работа в советской авиапромышленности. Из воспоминаний Г.А. Черемухина
No full textPublished by N.G. Georguiyeva This is a publication of an excerpt from the G.A. Cheremukhin's memoirs «The work in the aircraft industry» (1921-2009). He was a famous aircraft designer noted both in Russia and abroad. This fragment contains the previously little known information on the beginning of the creation of a strategic bomber TU-4 in 1945-1947. N.G. Georgieva prepared this publication on the basis of the manuscript of his memoirs. The preface and footnotes contain biographic data on people who were mentioned in the memoirs and who were working together with the author of the memoirs.Публикация отрывка из воспоминаний «Работа в советской авиапромышленности» Г.А. Черемухина (1921-2009) - известного в России и за рубежом российского авиаконструктора. Приведенный отрывок содержит малоизвестную информацию о начале создания в 1945-1947 гг. стратегического бомбардировщика Ту-4. Публикация подготовлена Н.Г. Георгиевой по рукописи воспоминаний. Введение и примечания содержат биографические сведения об упомянутых в тексте мемуаров лицах, работавших с автором воспоминаний
PUBLICATIONS OF URAL FORESTER N.G. MALGIN IN THE “MINING JOURNAL” (1860s)
No full textАвтор реконструирует и интерпретирует идеи известного уральского лесничего XIX в. Н.Г. Мальгина о проблемах и перспективах развития лесного дела на горнозаводском Урале.The author reconstructs and interprets the ideas of the famous Ural forester of the 19th century N.G. Malgin about the problems and prospects for the development of forestry in the mining plant Urals
The challenges of machine translation of academic publications
No full textClear translation remains a major challenge to better communication and understanding of the international academic literature, despite advances in Machine Translation (MT). Automatic translation systems which captured the detail and the sense of any manuscript in any language for a reader from any other linguistic background would find global applications.In this article, we discuss the current opportunities and constraints to the wider use of machine translation and computer-assisted human translation (CAT). At the present stage of technology development, these instruments offer a number of advantages to specialists working with scientific texts. These include the facility to skim and scan large amounts of information in foreign languages, and to act as digital dictionaries, thesauri and encyclopedias. Word-to-word and phrase-to-phrase translation between many languages and scripts is now well advanced. The availability of modern machine translation has therefore changed the work of specialist scientific translators, placing greater emphasis on more advanced text and sense editing skills. However, machine translation is still challenged by the nuances of language and culture from one society to another, particularlyin the freestyle literature of the arts and humanities. Scientific papers are generally much more structured, but the quality of machine translation still largely depends on the quality of the source text. This varies considerably between different scientific disciplines and from one author to another. The most advanced translation systems are making steady progress. It is timely to revisit traditional training programmes in the field of written translation to focus on the development of higher-level research competencies, such as terminology search, and so to make best use of evolving machine translation technologies. More widely, we consider that there is a challenge across the higher education systems in all countries to develop a simple, clear and consistent “international” writing style to assist fast, reliable and low-cost machine translation and hence to advance mutual understanding across the global scientific literature
Early work of N.G. (Dick) de Bruijn in analysis and some of my own
No full textThere are parallels between de Bruijn’s early work in analysis and that of the author. However, Dick’s work soon became much broader and deeper. While the present paper reviews several topics of common interest, its main content is a short version of Dick’s important article related to Riemann’s Hypothesis, entitled ‘The roots of trigonometric integrals’ [N.G. de Bruijn, The roots of trigonometric integrals, Duke Math. J. 17 (1950) 197-226]. The associated ‘de Bruijn-Newman constant’ is also discussed
Monograph review: Valeeva N.G. Chistopol county zemstvo of the Kazan province (1865–1914)
No full textThe article gives an overview of the monograph of N.G. Valeeva Chistopol County Zemstvo of the Kazan province (1865–1914). Being a study of local lore in the book, at the same time, questions related to the institute of zemstvo self-government are raised. Using the example of the zemstvo of one of the largest districts of the Kazan province, the mechanism of the functioning of local government is presented. Particular attention is paid to Zemstvo events in the field of medicine, education and agriculture. The author attaches great importance to the personality factor and, applying an anthropological approach, shows the influence of individual outstanding zemstvo people on the development of the county
Universal features and tail analysis of the order-parameter distribution of the two-dimensional Ising model: An entropic sampling Monte Carlo study
No full textWe present a numerical study of the order-parameter probability density function (PDF) of the square Ising model for lattices with linear sizes L=80-140. A recent efficient entropic sampling scheme, combining the Wang-Landau and broad histogram methods and based on the high levels of the Wang-Landau process in dominant energy subspaces is employed. We find that for large lattices there exists a stable window of the scaled order-parameter in which the full ansatz including the pre-exponential factor for the tail regime of the universal PDF is well obeyed. This window is used to estimate the equation of state exponent and to observe the behavior of the universal constants implicit in the functional form of the universal PDF. The probability densities are used to estimate the universal Privman-Fisher coefficient and to investigate whether one could obtain reliable estimates of the universal constants controlling the asymptotic behavior of the tail regime. © 2006 The American Physical Society
A new comprehensive study of the 3D random-field Ising model via sampling the density of states in dominant energy subspaces
No full textThe three-dimensional bimodal random-field Ising model is studied via a new finite temperature numerical approach. The methods of Wang-Landau sampling and broad histogram are implemented in a unified algorithm by using the N-fold version of the Wang-Landau algorithm. The simulations are performed in dominant energy subspaces, determined by the recently developed critical minimum energy subspace technique. The random-fields are obtained from a bimodal distribution, that is we consider the discrete (±Δ) case and the model is studied on cubic lattices with sizes 4 ≤ L ≤ 20. In order to extract information for the relevant probability distributions of the specific heat and susceptibility peaks, large samples of random-field realizations are generated. The general aspects of the model's scaling behavior are discussed and the process of averaging finite-size anomalies in random systems is re-examined under the prism of the lack of self-averaging of the specific heat and susceptibility of the model
Phase diagram of the 3D bimodal random-field Ising model
No full textThe one-parametric Wang-Landau (WL) method is implemented together with an extrapolation scheme to yield approximations of the two-dimensional (exchange-energy, field-energy) density of states (DOS) of the 3D bimodal random-field Ising model (RFIM). The present approach generalizes our earlier WL implementations, by handling the final stage of the WL process as an entropic sampling scheme, appropriate for the recording of the required two-parametric histograms. We test the accuracy of the proposed extrapolation scheme and then apply it to study the size-shift behavior of the phase diagram of the 3D bimodal RFIM. We present a finite-size converging approach and a well-behaved sequence of estimates for the critical disorder strength. Their asymptotic shift-behavior yields the critical disorder strength and the associated correlation length's exponent, in agreement with previous estimates from ground-state studies of the model. © 2008 EDP Sciences/Società Italiana di Fisica/Springer- Verlag
Thermal critical behavior and universality aspects of the three-dimensional random-field Ising model
No full textThe three-dimensional bimodal random-field Ising model is investigated using the N-fold version of the Wang-Landau algorithm. The essential energy subspaces are determined by the recently developed critical minimum energy subspace technique, and two implementations of this scheme are utilized. The random fields are obtained from a bimodal discrete (±Δ) distribution, and we study the model for various values of the disorder strength Δ, Δ=0.5,1,1.5 and 2, on cubic lattices with linear sizes L=4-24. We extract information for the probability distributions of the specific heat peaks over samples of random fields. This permits us to obtain the phase diagram and present the finite-size behavior of the specific heat. The question of saturation of the specific heat is re-examined and it is shown that the open problem of universality for the random-field Ising model is strongly influenced by the lack of self-averaging of the model. This property appears to be substantially depended on the disorder strength
The CrMES scheme as an alternative to importance sampling: The tail regime of the order-parameter distribution
No full textWe review the recently developed critical minimum energy-subspace (CrMES) technique. This scheme produces an immense optimization of popular algorithms, such as the Wang-Landau (WL) and broad histogram methods, by predicting the essential part of the energy space necessary for the estimation of the critical behavior and provides a new route of critical exponent estimation. A powerful and efficient CrMES entropic sampling scheme is proposed as an alternative to the traditional importance sampling methods. Utilizing the WL random walk process in the dominant energy subspace (CrMES-WL sampling) and using the WL approximation of the density of states and appropriate microcanonical estimators we determine the magnetic properties of the 2D Ising model. Updating energy, magnetization ( E, M ) histograms during the high-level WL-iterations, we provide a comprehensive alternative scheme to the Metropolis algorithm and by applying this procedure we present a convincing analysis for the far tail regime of the order-parameter probability distribution. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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