1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Postural control and gait kinematics under asymmetric load
No full textTactical occupations and associated tasks are challenging on the body and can increase low back injury risk. For occupational tasks to be performed successfully, postural stability plays a crucial role. Before construction on any building is to occur, a solid foundation is essential. Like the human body, without a solid foundation, we put ourselves at risk for injury. Based on previous studies, there is significant evidence that an extreme load can cause a breakdown in the trunk's stability and, ultimately, spinal curvature. Dynamic motion and postural control are essential for tactical athletes and their occupational tasks. The body's trunk can become rigid when it needs to while still being flexible enough for energy transfer during physical tasks. Evidence suggests that loads over 15% of the subjects' body weight cause significant electromyography and kinetic/kinematic data changes. Analyzing this data further to include time effect variables during testing conditions would give insight into the real-time trunk and gait mechanics under asymmetrical load. Utilizing this study's possible outcomes could lead to injury prevention training in occupational and tactical athletes worldwide. This study will mesh the importance of postural stability with occupational activities that place additional load externally on the body. Further information for rehabilitation and performance interventions would create drastic improvements in these populations' health and safety and those they serve. While these mechanics are not well understood, this study aims to broaden the view of asymmetrical loading on trunk biomechanics and biomechanical risk factors. Research questions: How does an additional asymmetrical load influence trunk kinetics/kinematics during a walking task? How does the load impact trunk muscle co- activation? How does discomfort change due to the position of an asymmetrical load? This study will hypothesize: 1) Expectation to see time effects on trunk kinematics and muscular effort between loaded walking and unloaded walking, 2) The participant will experience a time effect for increased scores on perceived exertion ratings, 3) trunk muscle activation will increase bilaterally compared to unladed conditions and 4) trunk muscles co activation will be lower in the rack position. This study will comprise young, healthy adult males 18-30 with at least moderate fitness levels. The American College of Sports Medicine defines moderate exercise as 30 minutes five days per week or vigorous-intensity aerobic activity for a minimum of 20 minutes three days per week, with resistance training at least twice per week. Exclusion criteria include those with underlying conditions such as low back pain, other joint pain, sedentary fitness level, and body mass index (BMI) over 27. These participant criteria intend to mimic career and volunteer firefighter graduating classes. Two conditions will be tested for five minutes each in this study. This study would consist of two independent variables, additional load and time, with three dependent variables. The first set of variables would include electromyography amplitude and relative max voluntary contraction (%MVC) data. The purpose is to test the amount of %MVC as it changes over time to assess the trunk muscle co-contraction activity. This study will place electrodes at varying parts of the trunk, including the upper erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, external obliques, rectus abdominus, latissimus dorsi, and upper trapezius muscles. Electrodes will adhere to the six landmarks on both sides of the body for a total of 12 electrodes. The second set of variables would be the kinematics of the trunk. Kinematic data would look specifically at the change in trunk angle throughout each condition. Landmarks for the markers include the acromion process, the C5, T7, and T12 vertebrae, and the clavicle's distal part. Ratings of perceived exertion, the third set of variables, would obtain a subjective view of task effort over time. Using Borg's perceived exertion scale, the study would see the load discomfort compared to the %MVC data and the spinal angle change. This study will measure the participants' discomfort level on three occasions in each condition: the first condition, to start with the load but no walking; second, during the third minute of the condition; and last, at the end of the test with the load no walking. The second condition of no-load before testing, during the third minute, and after the test has ended. A visual analog scale will assess subjective discomfort during trials with levels of 0-10, zero being no discomfort and ten being extreme discomfort. Condition one will serve as a baseline for the subject's normal gait parameters and trunk kinematics without the additional load. The second condition would introduce the implementation consisting of 15% of the subjects' body weight. The study will use subjects' relative body weight for the load amount to control for differences in individual strength. The relative weight, 15%, was chosen due to previous research indicating differences in gait and trunk kinematics and electromyography differences at 15% body weight. With increased fitness levels of tactical athletes, these testing conditions will require longer distances than previous studies.M. S
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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