1,720,963 research outputs found
Childbirth in East and West German Stepfamilies
Get PDFThe present paper studies fertility rates in partnerships with and without children from previous partners in East and West Germany. Data from the German "Fertility and Family Survey" is used to estimate piecewise-linear hazard rate models for having another child. It turns out that a proportional-hazard model would give incorrect results because childbirth follows different time patterns for couples who have already a shared child and couples who do not. Therefore, a model with specific clocks for various experiences of parenthood is specified. Based on these model estimations the probability for having another child within a certain time is calculated. In West Germany the estimated likelihood of having another child within six years varies little by child composition. In contrast, East-German couples with no shared child have a higher likelihood than couples with a shared child to have a child within six years.fertility, hazard rate model, proportionality assumption, stepfamily
Philadelphia Family Management Study, 1991-2001
No full textThis longitudinal study was undertaken to explore how disadvantaged families respond to and manage risk and opportunity in their communities. Of special interest to the research team was the question of whether families alter their children's life chances by successfully adapting their parenting styles to the dangerous and restrictive conditions of living in the inner city. Also, this study addresses how the social organization of the neighborhood - or the absence of organization - leads parents to adopt different techniques of managing their children during adolescence.
A sample of 489 children between the ages of 11 and 14 and their parents were interviewed. The families lived in predominately White or African American poor and working-class neighborhoods in Philadelphia. The interviews consisted of a wide range of topics including perceptions of community, parental strategies for managing risks and opportunities, and measures from both parents and children of how the youth were faring. The study gathered enough families from each of
the five different neighborhoods which were racially and economically contrasting to develop aggregate community measures of features of social organization (such as the degree of cohesiveness, the perceived level of social control, the amount of exchange, and social trust), availability and access to resources, size and composition of informal networks, and perceived dangers and opportunities
Philadelphia Family Management Study, 1991-2001
No full textThis longitudinal study was undertaken to explore how disadvantaged families respond to and manage risk and opportunity in their communities. Of special interest to the research team was the question of whether families alter their children's life chances by successfully adapting their parenting styles to the dangerous and restrictive conditions of living in the inner city. Also, this study addresses how the social organization of the neighborhood - or the absence of organization - leads parents to adopt different techniques of managing their children during adolescence.
A sample of 489 children between the ages of 11 and 14 and their parents were interviewed. The families lived in predominately White or African American poor and working-class neighborhoods in Philadelphia. The interviews consisted of a wide range of topics including perceptions of community, parental strategies for managing risks and opportunities, and measures from both parents and children of how the youth were faring. The study gathered enough families from each of
the five different neighborhoods which were racially and economically contrasting to develop aggregate community measures of features of social organization (such as the degree of cohesiveness, the perceived level of social control, the amount of exchange, and social trust), availability and access to resources, size and composition of informal networks, and perceived dangers and opportunities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Remarriage After Divorce: A Longitudinal Analysis of Well Being, 1979
No full textThis study is a follow-up of Spanier (1977) "Adjustment to Separation and Divorce," also archived at the center (Log# 00738). The purpose of the follow-up was to investigate the changing patterns of remarriage and to examine the possibility that the form and functioning of first and second marriages might be different.
One hundred eighty-one of the original 205 respondents participated in the follow-up. The sample is white with a range of social classes. Sixty-two of the participants had remarried by the time of the second interview, and their spouses were interviewed as well.
Structured interviews were conducted by the Institute for Survey Research (ISR) of Temple University, covering the following topics: background information on current relationship, children living in the household, parenting and the division of responsibilities for child rearing, visitation of children not living in the household, attitudes toward stepchildren, plans for more children, relationship with former and current spouse, social network, plans for and attitudes about remarriage, physical and mental health, and economics. Many of the questions are directly comparable to those in the original data collection
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Remarriage After Divorce: A Longitudinal Analysis of Well Being, 1979
No full textThis study is a follow-up of Spanier (1977) "Adjustment to Separation and Divorce," also archived at the center (Log# 00738). The purpose of the follow-up was to investigate the changing patterns of remarriage and to examine the possibility that the form and functioning of first and second marriages might be different.
One hundred eighty-one of the original 205 respondents participated in the follow-up. The sample is white with a range of social classes. Sixty-two of the participants had remarried by the time of the second interview, and their spouses were interviewed as well.
Structured interviews were conducted by the Institute for Survey Research (ISR) of Temple University, covering the following topics: background information on current relationship, children living in the household, parenting and the division of responsibilities for child rearing, visitation of children not living in the household, attitudes toward stepchildren, plans for more children, relationship with former and current spouse, social network, plans for and attitudes about remarriage, physical and mental health, and economics. Many of the questions are directly comparable to those in the original data collection
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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