118,337 research outputs found
The connections between German Pandectist School and Italian legal culture at the end of XIX century
No full textThe rejuvenating approach to Roman law taken by the German Pandectist School in the 19th century exerted a great influence far beyond the boundaries of Germany.This phenomenon can really be seen as one of the «centralising forces» of European legal history, especially considering the simultaneous emergence of national codifications, which led to an increasing gap between the various legislations issued by European countries. Within Europe, the influence of the Pandectist School was particularly strong on Italian legal culture. The development of translations of German legal handbooks was particularly encouraged by Italian Romanistic scholars after the national unification, as an emblematic component of a general project for the diffusion of German legal culture in Italy. The translations were increasingly directed to original works, especially due to the moltitude of notes provided by translators, which contributed to the critical revision of German erudition, namely by comparing it to Italian legislation. Especially the version of the Lehrbuch der Pandekten by Carl Ludwig Arndts, written by Filippo Serafini, and the one of Bernhard Windscheid's Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts, carried out by Carlo Fadda and Paolo Emilio Bensa, played an important role in the development of the studies of Roman and private law in Italy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Psychological Challenges for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Evaluation of health conditions using POSET approach
Get PDFIn this contribution, we study health status of Italian aging population using
an evaluation method based on the theory of partially ordered set. The method
allows to create synthetic measures out of a set of ordinal indicators without the need
for aggregation. After preliminary definitions, we calculate two indices to evaluate
physical and mental health, and by means of regression trees we analyse the role
that simple indicators play in discriminating health profiles
Habitat, morphology and trophism of Tritonia callogorgiae sp. nov., a large nudibranch inhabiting Callogorgia verticillata forests in the Mediterranean Sea
Get PDFThe continuing exploration of the Mediterranean deep sea reveals that a complete census of the biodiversity of one of the most studied marine areas in the world is yet to be fully accomplished. A tritoniid nudibranch new to science is described upon material recovered off the Montenegro margin, Adriatic Sea, associated with the alcyonacean Primnoidae Callogorgia verticillata (Pallas, 1766). Here, a coral forest dominated by C. verticillata, together with other alcyonaceans, antipatharians and scleractinians, represents the habitat of the new species. As documented by Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) observations, the coral forest covers an area of 600 m2 at 420–426 m depth, with dense growth of C. verticillata colonies (1.34 ± 0.08 colonies m−2). As many as 66 nudibranch specimens have been observed on C. verticillata. Tritonia callogorgiae sp. nov. (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia, Tritoniidae) is up to 12 cm long, yellow to orange/reddish in colour with white papillae all over the body. It has a velum with six appendages (three per side), and 4–5 pairs of dichotomous gills. Internally, the species is distinguished from other tritoniids for the absence of stomach plates and a distinctive radula with formula 50 × 110.1.1.1.108. It represents the first case of Tritonia species living in the deep Mediterranean Sea and the only one associated to C. verticillata. Stomach content documents that Tritonia callogorgiae sp. nov. feeds on C. verticillata. Further visual ROV records from other sectors of the Mediterranean Sea indicate that the distribution of this new described species is almost basin-wide. The discovery of another undescribed member of the benthic megafauna related to deep-sea coral grounds further highlights the need for conservation of such habitats
Meta-reinforcement learning for adaptive spacecraft guidance during multi-target missions
No full textIn this paper, a meta-reinforcement learning approach is used to generate a guidance algorithm capable of carrying out multi-target missions. Specifically, two models are trained to learn how to realize multiple fuel-optimal low-thrust rendezvous maneuvers between circular co-planar orbits with close radii. The first model is entirely based on a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network, while the second one also relies on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layer, which provides augmented generalization capability by incorporating memory-dependent internal states. The two networks are trained via Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) on a wide distribution of transfers, which encompasses all possible trajectories connecting any pair of targets of a given set, and in a given time window. The aim is to produce a nearly-optimal guidance law that could be directly used for any transfer leg of the actual multi-target mission. To assess the validity of the proposed approach, a sensitivity analysis on a single leg is carried out by varying the radius either of the initial or the final orbit, the transfer time, and the initial phase angle between the chaser and the target. The results show that the LSTM-equipped network is able to better reconstruct the optimal control in almost all the analyzed scenarios, and, at the same time, to achieve, in average, a lower value of the terminal constraint violation
Heme Oxygenase Dependent Bilirubin Generation in Vascular Cells:A Role in Preventing Endothelial Dysfunction in Local Tissue Microenvironment?
No full textAmong antioxidants in the human body, bilirubin has been recognized over the past 20 years to afford protection against different chronic conditions, including inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Moderate increases in plasma concentration and cellular bilirubin generation from metabolism of heme via heme oxygenase (HMOX) in virtually all tissues can modulate endothelial and vascular function and exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and critical overview of the molecular mechanisms by which bilirubin derived from plasma or from HMOX1 activation in vascular cells affects endothelial function. Understanding the molecular actions of bilirubin may critically improve the management not only of key cardiovascular diseases, but also provide insights into a broad spectrum of pathologies driven by endothelial dysfunction. In this context, therapeutic interventions aimed at mildly increasing serum bilirubin as well as bilirubin generated endogenously by endothelial HMOX1 should be considered.</p
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
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