1,721,023 research outputs found
Trattato di Medicina Interna : Le Sindromi Renali.
No full textIn un'epoca di globalizzazione, il sapere medico non può far agio sulla cultura internazionale di spicco nell'avanzamento della medicina, ma nel contempo non può astrarsi dal contesto territoriale in cui avviene l'esercizio della professione medica.
In considerazione di ciò, il "Teodori 2004 - Trattato Italiano di Medicina Interna", nella sua VIIa edizione, si è arricchito di 30 nuovi capitoli ed aggiornato secondo i più recenti dettami della medicina, con Autori altamente qualificati nella materia. Inoltre ha preso in considerazione aspetti epidemiologici-clinico-terapeutici particolarmente attintenti alla realtaà della patologia internistica in Italia.
Questa simbiosi di universalità dello scibile e di aderenza alla situazione clinica del nostro territorio, costituisce un punto di froza dell'opera che accrescerà il successo editoriale che essa ha sempre avuto.
È per queste sue preorogative che ci sentiamo di proporre all'attenzione del corpo docente universitario, degli studenti delle Facoltà Mediche, dei medici professionisti, l'adozione di questo trattato come testo di acculturamento e di formazione per la laurea in Medicina e Chirurgia, nonché per l'esercizio pratico della professione medica.
Convinti della validità di questo "Trattato" quale opera innovatrice nella trattatistica medica italiana, sospinti dalle continue richieste di realizzare un'opera rinnovata, sicuri di interpretare la volontà del Prof. Ugo Teodori e desiderosi che il suo nome non venga dimenticato come testimonianza di gratitudine e di fedeltà ai suoi insegnamenti, ci siamo assunti l'impegno di affrontare la preparazione di questa nuova edizione.
La nuova opera ha richiesto grande impegno organizzativo e la piena disponibilità da parte dei Coordinatori e degli oltre 250 Collaboratori che hanno accettato anche limiti di spazio per contenere il testo in due volumi. A tutti un vivo ringraziamento.
Un particolare ringraziamento va rivolto al nostro staff redazionale per aver curato con la cunsueta professionalità e in piena collaborazione con gli Autori la realizzazione dell'opera.
È pertanto con orgoglio che presentiamo il "Teodori 2004-Trattato Italiano di Medicina Interna" che per la sua completezza, organicità, aggiornamento e riferimenti bibliografici, si colloca tra le migliori opere della letteratura scientifica internazionale.
Tra i pregi dell'opera non va, peraltro, trascurato il costo veramente interessante per il suo acquisto
: Alpha-defensins block the early steps of HIV-1 infection: interference with the binding of gp120 to CD4
No full textAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: from genes to cilium.
No full textAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a quite frequent monogenic hereditary disease. The incidence has been reported to range between 1:400 and 1:1000 life births. The disease is caused by a mutation of the PKD1 gene in 85% of the cases and by a mutation of the PKD2 gene in the remaining 15%. The main characteristic of this condition is the development of renal cysts. Observations regarding various cystic kidney diseases sustained by mutations of different genes are steadily converging to a common point. This unifying element is the primary cilium. The cilium, which has long been considered a mere biological oddity, has lately become the focus of intense scientific attention because it may turn out to be the key to the understanding of cystic degeneration. The cilia can be regarded as sensors projecting out of the cell. In particular in the kidney they are located in an ideal place to capture information from the tubular lumen. One of the roles the cilia may play is the reception of chemical signals. An alternative hypothesis attributes to the cilia the role of mechanosensors capable of detecting variations of the urine flux in the tubular lumen. The cilium projects itself into the lumen where it can readily capture variations in the external environment and transmit them to the cell by as yet undefined pathways. This is the still largely unexplored frontier that will provide the elements needed to understand and treat renal cystic diseases
Coincident chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a common autoimmunity?
No full textA 40-year-old male developed swallowing difficulties, loss of strength, and imbalance. On admission, the patient exhibited bifacial, extremity weakness, ataxia, impaired sensation, and areflexia. Electrophysiology and nerve biopsy suggested demyelination. Spinal fluid revealed increased protein content. Plasmapheresis showed benefit, but neuropathy relapsed. At second recurrence, urine analysis showed heavy proteinuria. Renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Methylprednisolone and oral cyclophosphamide were given. Long-term steroids and immunoglobulin showed steady benefit. Concurrence of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and FSGS suggests synergistic cellular and humoral autoimmune mechanisms related to either cross-reactivity within antigenic targets or mimicry between neural and renal epitopes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Acute renal failure of medical type in an elderly population
No full textOne hundred and nine unselected patients with Acute Renal Failure (ARF) of medical aetiology were hospitalized at the Nephrological Unit of Policlinico University Hospital (Modena) during a 30-month period. ARF was considered as a rapid increase of serum creatinine > 2mg/dl over the baseline level or the doubling of pre-existing value in chronic renal failure. Mean age of patients was 67+/-17 years and median age was 72; 64.2% needing dialytic treatment. Four main causes of ARF were identified: 33 patients had reduced renal perfusion by dehydration, hypotension etc.; 20 multifactorial aetiology; 14 biopsy-investigated renal parenchymal diseases and 39 had drug-related acute renal failure (D-ARF). The clinical outcome was significantly worse in elderly patients as regard mortality (P < 0.02), chronic dialytic treatment (P < 0.04) and complete recovery (P < 0.004). The mean age of D-ARF patients was significantly greater than remaining ARF patients (72.6+/-12.8 vs 63.2+/-18.5: P < 0.004. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ACE-inhibitors (Ace-i) caused ARF in 24 and 8 patients respectively. Elderly age, vascular disease and monoclonal gammopathy represented the main risk factors and were significantly more frequent in D-ARF patients (P < 001, < 0.01, < 0.04 respectively). Our data confirm the high susceptibility of ageing kidneys to nephrotoxic damage caused by drugs affecting glomerular autoregulation by microvascular mechanisms. Greater attention to renal changes in ageing and an increased dissemination of preventative measures among nephrologists, could reduce the incidence of these serious and potentially lethal diseases
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Epidermal growth factor receptor polymorphism and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
No full textBACKGROUND: The clinical variability in the rate of progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been attributed to genetic heterogeneity, though environmental factors and modifying genes very likely play an important role as well. We examined the association between clinical outcome, defined by age at onset of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 46 ADPKD patients, and a polymorphism in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, a candidate modifying gene. EGFR is a key element in renal tubular proliferation. METHODS: This study comprised 46 unrelated patients with ADPKD and ESRD, and 58 healthy controls. The patients had prevalently PKD 1 mutations. The EGFR microsatellite polymorphism was genotyped according to Gebhardt et al (11). RESULTS: The allele frequencies of the EGFR polymorphism were different in the ADPKD sample and the control population (G2=17.19; P=0.009). In particular, the frequencies of the 122 and 118bp length alleles had a different distribution (P=0.010 and P=0.047 respectively). Patients with the 122bp length polymorphism had ESRD at an earlier age,but this finding was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an association between the EGFR microsatellite polymorphism and ADPKD. However, it is difficult to establish which alleles are protective and which harmful. A larger, multicenter study may help clarify these results and is also required to replicate our preliminary finding of an association between ADPKD and the EGFR polymorphis
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