1,720,961 research outputs found
The relationships of anxiety sensitivity and youth irritability: the mediated roles of insomnia and selective attention for threat
No full textBackground: Irritability is common in multiple psychiatric disorders and is hallmark of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Child irritability is associated with higher risk of suicide and adulthood mental health problems. However, the psychological mechanisms of irritability are understudied. This study examined the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and irritability among youth, and further explored three possible mediated factors: selective attention for threat, delayed reward discounting, and insomnia.Methods: Participants were 1417 students (51.7% male; mean age 13.83 years, SD = 1.48) recruited from one high school in Hunan province, China. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure irritability, anxiety sensitivity, selective attention for threat, insomnia, and delayed reward discounting. Structural equation modal (SEM) was performed to examine mediated relations and further explore possible moderate effects of sex and age.Results: Anxiety sensitivity was modestly related to irritability and insomnia (r from 0.25 to 0.54) and slightly correlated with selective attention for threat (r from 0.12 to 0.28). However, there is no significant relationship of delayed rewards discounting with anxiety sensitivity and irritability. The results of SEM showed that selective attention for threat (indirect effect estimate = 0.04) and insomnia (indirect effect estimate = 0.20) partially mediate the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and irritability, which explained 33% variation. Compared to females, the indirect effect of insomnia is stronger in males. Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity is an important susceptibility factor for irritability. Selective attention for threat and insomnia are two mediated mechanisms to understand the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and irritability
Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorder and Childhood Trauma in Male Prisoners: Mediating Effect of Difficulties in Emotional Regulation
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of probable antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) among prisoners, and further examine the mediating effect of difficulties in emotional regulation (ER) between childhood trauma and symptoms of ASPD and BPD. A total of 1,491 male participants (35.4 ± 9.69 years) were recruited from a prison in Guangdong, China. The symptoms of ASPD and BPD, childhood trauma, difficulties in ER, and suicide were measured by self-administered structured questionnaires. Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the associations of ASPD and BPD with suicide. Path analysis was used to examine the mediating effects of difficulties in ER between childhood trauma and symptoms of ASPD and BPD
Dispositional optimism boosts family adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic: an intergenerational investigation of the associations between dispositional optimism, COVID-19 related worries, and depression/anxiety symptoms
No full textThe impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health have been extensively studied. Several studies have indicated that optimism could play buffer effects during the pandemic. However, this hypothesis has yet been examined in family studies. This paper aimed to investigate the relationships of optimism, COVID-19 related worries, and depression/anxiety symptoms in both children and their parents, and further explore whether parents’ optimism could reduce children’s COVID-19 related worries, and depression/anxiety through the indirect effects of children’s optimism. Participants were 2011 Chinese parent-child dyads (father 40.8%, mean age 41.10 years, SD=5.34; boy 51.0%, mean age 15.25 years, SD = 2.48) from Jiangxi Province, China. Self-report questionnaires were used separately for both children and parents to investigate the COVID-19 related worries, depression, anxiety and optimism during the outbreak of COVID-19. Structural equation model showed that parents’ report of self-quarantine and quarantine of family members, relatives or friends were positively correlated with their COVID-19 related worries and depression/anxiety. Parents’ optimism significantly related to children’s optimism, while correlationships of COVID-19 related worries and optimism were significant but small in both parents and children. Parents’ optimism was negatively associated with children’s COVID-19 related worries via reduction of parents’ COVID-19 related worries. Furthermore, parents’ optimism was negatively related to their own depression/anxiety, and was also associated with lower child’s depression/anxiety via children’s optimism and their own depression/anxiety. Optimism can buffer the effects of trauma on mental health. Intergenerational transmission of optimism is an important mechanism for families to adapt common traumatic events
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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