1,721,018 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Model definition for 3D phenomena describing microclimate through the use of devices for automatic environment’s detection
No full textWithin the limits of the productive activity, the optimization of the micro-environment concerning a building utilisation can make use of new technical opportunities. The phases of planning and/or checking can be visualized and especially repeatedly modified through devices and software able to carry out 3D models. In these models, the physical-geometrical parameters or the peculiar features of the buildings can be changed and the resulting micro-environment aspects can be directly detected. The more and more close integration between CAD modelling environments and CAE analysis tools allows, on one hand, to modify the geometry by a close control of the size and the geometrical characteristics, and, on the other hand, it allows CAE system to evaluate the effects of different geometric forms or physical parameters on the analyzed micro-environment. In the agro-livestock field there are countless situations called “dynamic situations”. They need a plan of the micro-environment able to take into account the use-changing during each productive cycle. If the study concerns one existing environment, it is necessary to make measures by geometrical instruments or by optional technologies such as the photogrammetry. It allows recreating geometrical details on real scale from high-quality digital photos. The consequent geometrical model can be parameterised subsequently in a CAD environment and transferred to the analysis one for a fluiddynamics study. The geometrical model of the studied environment has been rebuilt by the use of the close photogrammetry software PhotoModeler®. The numerical analysis has been carried out by the multiphysics simulation software Comsol®
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Bioclimatic principles in rural architecture in Molise region: recovery strategies with respect to the energy quality
No full textI percorsi solari sono stati considerati una caratteristica fondamentale della tecnica costruttiva sin dall’antichità. Infatti sia i Sanniti che i romani conoscevano questi principi e li utilizzavano al fine di massimizzare i loro benefici effetti. L’edilizia rurale rappresenta quindi un evoluzione che dai tempi antichi sfrutta le risorse naturali. Generalmente l’orientamento dell’edificio sfrutta il massimo soleggiamento con il lato maggiore rivolto verso il sud che intercetta una maggiore radiazione solare in inverno rispetto a quella estiva. Anche i centri storici dei piccoli paesi si adagiano sui versanti meridionali di in modo da proteggersi dai venti del nord e sfruttare al massimo il soleggiamento invernale. Infatti la realizzazione di una carta della radiazione solare a terra conferma l’ubicazione dell’insediamento urbano in luoghi esposti ad una maggiore radiazione nel periodo invernale.
L’individuazione delle caratteristiche bioclimatiche degli edifici rurali è stata attuata mediante una scheda di indagine attraverso la quale scaturiscono rapporti geometrici di forma, esposizione e tipologie murarie. Le finestre sono generalmente dislocate sulle pareti rivolte a sud in quanto i raggi solari sono meno inclinati e quindi, attraverso la finestra, contribuiscono a riscaldare l’ambiente. In estate, invece, i raggi solari sono più inclinati quindi la quantità di radiazione solare che attraversa la finestra è minore rispetto a quella invernale. Gli infissi antichi sono abbastanza rudimentali rispetto a quelli moderni, tuttavia la tipica finestra è dotata di due scuretti interni che vengono chiusi di sera allo scopo di aumentare la resistenza termica. Questa tipologia di finestra, con la sostituzione di nuovo sistema vetrato, riesce ad ottenere un’eccellente capacità isolante. L’istallazione di ulteriori sistemi solari passivi, quali la serra e il portico addossati alle pareti esposte a sud, contribuisce ulteriormente allo sfruttamento della radiazione solare in inverno. Inoltre il portico, se chiuso da vetrate mobili, in inverno si comporta come una serra solare ed in estate, quando le vetrate vengono aperte, lo spazio sotteso dal portico resta completamente ombreggiato e arieggiato.
Tuttavia se le soluzioni proposte risultano competitive, le murature tradizionali in pietra calcarea presentano sia vantaggi che svantaggi. Durante l’estate, l’onda di calore attraverso il muro mostra uno sfasamento dell’onda di calore molto alto, superiore alle 12 ore, così pure il fattore di attenuazione risulta molto ridotto tanto da rendere questo tipo di muratura molto competitive dal punto di vista energetico nel periodo estivo. Nel periodo invernale, invece, tale muratura accumula calore grazie alla notevole inerzia termica, però l’elevata trasmittanza termica non la rende competitiva dal punto di vista dell’isolamento. Ecco che la necessità di conservazione del patrimonio rurale si contrappone a quella di aumentare le prestazioni energetiche. Tuttavia, l’attuale normativa, non impone l’obbligo del miglioramento delle prestazioni energetiche per gli edifici esistenti sottoposti a vincolo paesaggistico. Dove però non ci non ci sono vincoli paesaggistici, l’architettura rurale rischia di essere completamente coperta da sistemi isolanti che ne annullano totalmente il linguaggio formale. Una riduzione parziale degli standard normativi sulla trasmittanza, però, almeno nelle zone vincolate, potrebbe migliorare di molto le prestazioni energetiche senza stravolgere molto le componenti architettoniche.Solar paths have been considered as a key factor for building techniques since ancient history. Samnites and Romans were aware of these principles and applied them in order to maximize their good effects, Rural buildings have been developing since then according to these practical approach to the natural source. As a rule, the longest front of the buildings are south oriented in order to take advantage from the maximum solar irradiation during winter times.
The ancient parts of small villages are built on the southern slopes of hills in order to protect themselves from the northern winds and make the most of winter sunshine. Indeed, the creation of a solar radiation map at the ground confirms that the location of the villages is exposed to more radiation in winter.
Bioclimatic characteristics of the rural buildings have been investigated by means of data sheets which have revealed geometric relationships between form, exposure and types of walls. Windows are mainly located on the south exposed fronts. This would allow the less inclined winter solar rays, to easily penetrate and accordingly heat the rooms. On the contrary, during summer the solar irradiation reaching the inside would be lower. Doors and windows were rudimental, but a typical window was equipped with internal shutters which were closed during the night in order to improve the thermal resistance. This window type, after the implementation of the new glass system could obtain great results in terms of thermal insulation.
The use of additional passive solar systems, like greenhouses an porches, built on the south façade, further contributed to the exploitation of solar irradiation during winter times. In particular a porch, equipped with mobile windows, acts like a solar greenhouse during winter, with closed windows. The open windows on the contrary create a comfortable, airy and shaded place to enjoy during the warmest season.
However, even though the proposed solutions are competitive, traditional limestone walls have both upsides and downsides. During the summer the heat wave function through the wall, shows a very high difference-phase, exceeding 12 hours, so the attenuation factor is very low. This kind of masonry is highly competitive in terms of energy during the summer. In winter, instead, the masonry store up the heat thanks to the considerable thermal inertia, but the high thermal transmittance does not make it competitive in terms of isolation. So the need for conservation of rural heritage is opposed to the necessity of increasing the energy performance.
However, current legislation does not require the improvement of energy performance for existing buildings subjected to landscape constraints.
Where there are no constraints on the landscape, the rural architecture is likely to be completely covered with external insulation system that completely nullifies the formal language. However, a partial reduction of transmittance standards, at least in the areas with landscape constraints, could greatly improve the energy performance without upsetting the architectural elements.Dottorato di ricerca in Analisi e valorizzazione del paesaggio (XXI ciclo
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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