58 research outputs found
Bilgisayar programlarının fikri hukukta korunması
No full textBilgisayar teknolojisinin ve buna bağlı olarak bilgisayar programlarının yaygın kullanımı, bu alanın istikrarlı ve güvenli bir biçimde hukuken korunması ihtiyacını doğurmuştur. Elde edilmesinin kolaylığı, herhangi bir tekel oluşturmaması, hakkın esnekliği ve uluslararası antlaşmalarda kabul görmesinden dolayı, bilgisayar programlarının fikrî hukuk koruması uluslararası hukukta en uygun koruma yolu olarak kabul edilmiştir. Türk hukukunda bilgisayar programı kavramı, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu'nun 1/B maddesinin (g) bendinde, ?bir bilgisayar sisteminin özel bir işlem veya görev yapmasını sağlayacak bir şekilde düzene konulmuş bilgisayar emir dizgesini ve bu emir dizgesinin oluşum ve gelişimini sağlayacak hazırlık çalışmalarını ifade eder? şeklinde tanımlanmıştır. Bilgisayar programının eser niteliğine sahip olup olmadığı belirlemesi yapılırken göz önünde bulundurulması gereken yegane şart, sahibinin hususiyetini taşıyıp taşımadığıdır. Tüm eserlerde olduğu gibi bilgisayar programlarında da eser sahibi onu meydana getiren gerçek kişidir. Eser sahibi meydana getirdiği programdan doğan malî ve manevî haklara münhasıran sahiptir. Tüm hakların çeşitli kanun ve kurallarla belirlenen bir takım sınırları olduğu gibi, fikrî bir çabanın sonucu meydana getirilen bilgisayar programlarını meydana getirenlerin haklarına da bir takım sınırlamalar getirilmektedir. Program sahibinin söz konusu haklarının, sınırlandırıldığı istisnaî haller dışında, onun izni olmaksızın herhangi bir şekilde ihlâli mümkündür. Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu'nda eser sahibinin söz konusu haklarının ihlâli durumunda anılan hakların korunmasına yönelik değişik hukukî ve cezaî yaptırımlar düzenlenmiştir. Tezimizin adı ?Bilgisayar programlarının fikri hukukta korunması? dır. Tezimiz bir Giriş kısmı, Dört Bölüm ve bir Sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. AbstractWidespread usage of computer programs necessitated the protection of them in a steady and secure manner. Copyright is internationally accepted as the most suitable form of protection since it can be obtained easily, does not result any monopoly, and its flexibility. The term computer program is defined in article 1/B of Turkish Copyright Law No. 5846 as ?set of instructions designed so as to enable a computer system to perform a task and function, and prepatory design material leading to development and composition of this set of instructions?. While determining the eligibility for copyright protection of a computer program, the only criteria is whether it has ?characteristic of its author? or not. Similar to other works, the author of a computer program can be natural person (s). Author is the owner of the exclusive moral and economic rights as soon as the program is developed. As all rights are subject to some limitations determined by laws and other rules, the exclusive rights of authors of the computer programs are also subject to limitations. Apart from the exceptional limitations provided by laws, exclusive rights of the author of a computer program can be infringed by others. Some civil and criminal sanctions and remedies are provided by Turkish Copyright Law in case of infringement of author?s rights. The topic of the Thesis is ?Copyright Protection of Computer Programs?. The Thesis consists of an Introduction Part, four Chapters and Conclusion
Analytical Delay Model of virtual CPE for 5G eMBB services in SD-CDN
No full textThe high bandwidth and moderate latency requirements of enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) content in 5G are handled by Content Delivery Network (CDN) components such as customer premises equipment (CPE) in edge, branches in fog, and servers in the cloud. The indispensable goal of 5G network providers is meeting these requirements on the same physical component that reduces operational and capital expenditures (OPEX/CAPEX). However, we've believed that different configuration policies of providers can be only handled by Software-Defined CDN (SD-CDN). Moreover; due to the flow characteristics of eMBB and handling packet forwarding by only software-based component in an OpenFlow (OF) switch, obtained packet processing delay in conventional CPE has become challenging. Therefore, we propose SD-vCPE with a novel physical block diagram which includes hardware and software-based OF tables. The analytical models of conventional and SD-vCPE are also derived by using G/G/1 Markov queues, considering general eMBB flow characteristics, and SpeedUp parameters in the software part. According to analytical and simulation results, as the resolution of video content in eMBB is increased, the conventional CPE cannot handle delay in the microsecond level; whereas, proposed SD-vCPE outputs approximately 1-millisecond decrease on packet delay which differentiates according to matching rules in TCAM or CPU. Namely, the proposed analytical model for SD-vCPE results in a delay in an acceptable rate while comparing the simulation results performed in MATLAB
The Effect of Bank Mergers on Loan Prices: Evidence from the United States
No full textBank mergers can increase or decrease loan spreads, depending on whether the increased market power outweighs efficiency gains. Using proprietary loan-level data for U.S. commercial banks, I find that, on average, mergers reduce loan spreads, with the magnitude of the reduction being larger when postmerger cost savings increase. My results suggest that the relation between spreads and the extent of the market overlap between merging banks is nonmonotonic. The market overlap increases cost savings and consequently lowers spreads, but when the overlap is sufficiently large, spreads increase, potentially due to the market-power effect dominating the cost savings. Furthermore, the average reduction in spreads is significant for small businesses. The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]., Oxford University Press.
Which Is the Ideal Marker for Early Atherosclerosis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – Carotid Intima-Media Thickness or Mean Platelet Volume?
No full textKronik alerjik rinitli hastalarda cilt prick test sonuçları: Ev hanımları ev tozu akarlarına bağlı alerjik rinit gelişimi için riskli meslek grubundadır
No full textBackground/Aims: Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder that negatively effects the quality of life with symptoms due to the inflammation of nasal epithelium. Objective of this study is to determine the general demographical and clinical features of patients with AR, who had positive skin prick test (SPT) results. Methods: Patients diagnosed as AR with positive SPT results were analyzed. The allergens tested were: grasses, cereals+grasses , trees 1 (early flowering), trees 2 (late flowering), house-dust mites ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), Dermatophagoides farinae (DF), tyrophagus putrescentiae (TP), lepidoglyphus destructor (LD) and acarus siro (AS). Results: Of the total 202 patients, 145 female (with a mean age of 32.42 ±12.81 years) and 57 male (with a mean age of 28.44 ± 11.5 years) were included in the study. The most common allergens determined were; DF, DP, cereals+grasses and grasses. Tyrophagus significantly was more common in females (p:0.04). Nasal discharge, dyspnea, itching and weakness-tiredness were reported to be more common in females compared with males. DF, DP, TP and LD were statistically significantly more common in housewives (p lt;0.05). Dyspnea, wheezing and itching were statistically significantly more common in housewives (p lt;0.05).Conclusions: Housewives
are risky occupational group for the development of allergic rhinitis due to
house dust mite
An investigation of the prevalence of indoor and outdoor inhalant allergens in children with allergic rhinitis
No full text
Is the COPD assessment test (CAT) effective in demonstrating the systemic inflammation and other components in COPD?
No full textIntroduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently a complex, multicomponent disorder. The COPD Assessment Test (CAT) has been increasingly used to assess COPD patients. This study aims to investigate the relationship between CAT and inflammation markers and other COPD components
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