1,721,000 research outputs found
Efficiency of membrane technology, activated charcoal, and a micelle-clay complex for removal of the acidic pharmaceutical mefenamic acid
Full text linkThe efficiency of sequential advanced membrane technology wastewater treatment plant towards removal of a widely used non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) mefenamic acid was investigated. The sequential system included activated sludge, ultrafiltration by hollow fibre membranes with 100 kDa cutoff, and spiral wound membranes with 20 kDa cutoff, activated carbon and a reverse osmosis (RO) unit. The performance of the integrated plant showed complete removal of mefenamic acid from spiked wastewater samples. The activated carbon column was the most effective component in removing mefenamic acid with a removal efficiency of 97.2%. Stability study of mefenamic acid in pure water and Al-Quds activated sludge revealed that the anti-inflammatory drug was resistant to degradation in both environments. Batch adsorption of mefenamic acid by activated charcoal and a composite micelle (otadecyltrimethylammonium (ODTMA)–clay (montmorillonite) was determined at 25.0 0C. Langmuir isotherm was found to fit the data with Qmax of 90.9 mg/g and 100.0 mg/g for activated carbon and micelle-clay complex, respectively. Filtration experiment by micelle-clay columns mixed with sand in the mg/L range revealed complete removal of the drug with much larger capacity than activated carbon column. The combined results demonstrated that an integration of a micelle-clay column in the plant system has a good potential to improve the removal efficiency of the plant towards NSAID drugs such as mefenamic acid
Efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment plant system and laboratory-scale micelle-clay filtration for the removal of ibuprofen residues
Full text linkThe efficiency of Al-Quds Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP), which includes sequential elements as activated sludge, ultrafiltration, activated carbon column and reverse osmosis, to remove spiked ibuprofen, a non steroid anti inflammatory drug (NSAID), was investigated. Kinetic studies in pure water and in the activated sludge indicated that the drug was stable during one month of observation. Besides, the overall performance of the integrated plant showed complete removal of ibuprofen from wastewater. Activated carbon column, which was the last element in the sequence before the reverse osmosis system, yielded 95.7% removal of ibuprofen. Batch adsorptions of the drug by using either activated charcoal or composite micelle-clay system were determined at 25°C and well described by Langmuir isotherms. Octadecyltrimethylammonium (ODTMA) bromide and montmorillonite were used to prepare the micelle-clay adsorbent, for which the adsorption kinetics are much faster than activated charcoal. Results suggest that integrating clay-micelle complex filters within the existing WWTP may be promising in improving removal efficiency of the NSAID
Validation of an HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Amiodarone Impurities in Tablet Formulations
No full textDevelopment and Validation of a Simple Reversed‐Phase HPLC‐UV Method for Determination of Malondialdehyde in Olive Oil
No full textA HPLC-UV METHOD FOR DETEERMINATION OF THREE PESTICIDES IN WATER
No full textHPLC method is developed and validated for determination of three pesticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, and β-cyfluthrin) in water. These pesticides are used widely in agriculture for crops protection, and may be leached to the groundwater. Reversed-phase method with C18 column (5 µm, 250mm × 4.6 mm inner diameter) using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (v:v = 4:1) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and UV detection at 220 nm was used. This method is validated according to new methods which include accuracy, precision, linearity and range, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. The current method exhibits good linearity over the range of 1-1000 ppb for abamectin, 0.5-1000 ppb for imidacloprid, and 0.4-1000 ppb for ß-cyfluthrin with r2 greater than 0.990. The percentage recovery of the method at three concentration levels (5, 100, and 1000 ppb) is within 97.6 to 101.5% for the three pesticides. Relative standard deviation of the area of six replicate injections of each pesticide at three concentration levels (5.0, 100.0, and 1000.0 ppb) was found to be less than 1% which reflect the precision of the method. Limit of quantitation of the three pesticides using this method is low (1.0, 0.5, and 0.4 ppb) for abamectin, imidacloprid, and β-cyfluthrin, respectively which enables the determination of these three pesticides in water at low concentration levels
Analysis of Chloramphenicol and Its Related Compound 2-Amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propane-1,3-diol by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection
Full text linkA simple and stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method is developed for the analysis of chloramphenicol and its related compound 2-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propane-1,3-diol in two pharmaceutical forms. Liquid chromatography with a UV detector at a wavelength of 278 nm using a reversed phase C18 stationary phase has been employed in this study. Isocratic elution is employed using a mixture of sodium pentanesulfonate solution (0.012 M), acetonitrile, and glacial acetic acid (85 : 15 : 1, v/v). This new method is validated in accordance with USP requirements for new methods for assay determination, which include accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity and range. This method shows enough selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and linearity range to satisfy Federal Drug Administration/International Conference on Harmonization regulatory requirements. The current method demonstrates good linearity over the range of 0.04–0.16 mg/mL of chloramphenicol. The accuracy of the method is 100.0% with a relative standard deviation of 0.1%. The precision of this method reflected by relative standard deviation of replicates is 0.1%. The method is sensitive with a detection limit of 0.005% for chloramphenicol. The related substance of chloramphenicol (2-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propane-1,3-diol) can be selectively determined with a good resolution in two pharmaceutical forms: eye ointment and eye drops.</jats:p
The Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity of Sage and Nutmeg Ethanolic Extract
Full text linkAlternative cancer and bacterial infection treatments are desperately needed, as worries about the declining effectiveness and side effects of traditional drugs grow. To aid in the creation of new medications and preventative measures. the study attempts to confirm the therapeutic potential of nutmeg (Myristica fragrant) and sage (Salvia officinalis) extracts in addressing these health issues
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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