219,517 research outputs found
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of adjuvant oral capecitabine vs intravenous 5-FU/LV in Dukes' C colon cancer: the X-ACT trial
No full textOral capecitabine (Xeloda<sup>®</sup>) is an effective drug with favourable safety in adjuvant and metastatic colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin-based therapy is becoming standard for Dukes' C colon cancer in patients suitable for combination therapy, but is not yet approved by the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the adjuvant setting. Adjuvant capecitabine is at least as effective as 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV), with significant superiority in relapse-free survival and a trend towards improved disease-free and overall survival. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant capecitabine from payer (UK National Health Service (NHS)) and societal perspectives. We used clinical trial data and published sources to estimate incremental direct and societal costs and gains in quality-adjusted life months (QALMs). Acquisition costs were higher for capecitabine than 5-FU/LV, but higher 5-FU/LV administration costs resulted in 57% lower chemotherapy costs for capecitabine. Capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV-associated adverse events required fewer medications and hospitalisations (cost savings £3653). Societal costs, including patient travel/time costs, were reduced by >75% with capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV (cost savings £1318), with lifetime gain in QALMs of 9 months. Medical resource utilisation is significantly decreased with capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV, with cost savings to the NHS and society. Capecitabine is also projected to increase life expectancy vs 5-FU/LV. Cost savings and better outcomes make capecitabine a preferred adjuvant therapy for Dukes' C colon cancer. This pharmacoeconomic analysis strongly supports replacing 5-FU/LV with capecitabine in the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer in the UK
Fu-PusH Statement Finder 0.9
No full text<p>Das DFG-Projekt “Future Publications in den Humanities” untersucht die Potenziale des digitalen Publizierens in den Geisteswissenschaften und erarbeitet Handlungsempfehlungen für die bedarfsorientierte Weiterentwicklung von akademischen Informationsinfrastrukturen zur Unterstützung von Publikationsprozessen vor allem an Universitätsbibliotheken und Rechenzentren.</p>
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Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Reihe von Experteninterviews durchgeführt. Die dabei erhobenen, aufbereiteten und anonymisierten Daten werden zur größeren Transparenz sowie zur Nachnutzung als offene Forschungsdatenpublikation im Fu-PusH Statement Finder zur Verfügung gestellt. </p>
<p>Zur Projektseite: http://www2.hu-berlin.de/fupush/statement-finder</p>
NMR data for cyclamenols G−R
No full textThis includes the NMR data for cyclamenols G−R to be published in JNP
Tangibles fu?r Menschen mit Demenz: Erinnerungen zum Anfassen
No full textErinnerungspflege autobiografischer Ereignisse kann Menschen mit Demenz dabei helfen, kognitive Funktionen zu erhalten und das persönliche Wohlbefinden zu steigern. Derzeit bestehende Ansätze basieren meist entweder auf analogen physikalischen Gegenständen (z.B. Fotos, Souvenirs) oder nicht greifbaren Technologien (z.B. digitalen Fotos). Der Einsatz von Tangibles fu?r die Erinnerungspflege bringt einen großen Aufwand mit sich, da fu?r jeden Menschen mit Demenz die Gegenstände individuell angepasst werden mu?ssen. Technische Ansätze zur Erinnerungspflege können trotz minimalistischer Realisierung und simplen Interfaces zu komplex fu?r Menschen mit Demenz sein, wodurch sie auf externe Hilfe bei der Bedienung angewiesen sind. Zur Untersuchung der Bedu?rfnisse von Menschen mit Demenz wurde ein Contextual Design Prozess durchgeführt mit Adaptionen an den Nutzungskontext Demenz. Aus den herausgearbeiteten Erkenntnissen entstand ein interaktives, greifbares und adaptives Schubladensystem, das zur Erinnerungspflege eingesetzt werden kann. Die einfache greifbare Interaktion soll Menschen mit Demenz unterstu?tzen selbstständiger auf Erinnerungen zuzugreifen zu können und dadurch an Lebensqualität zu gewinnen
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Practical application of on-line partial discharge monitoring technique on 500kV shunt reactor
No full textConsidering the damage mechanism of oil-impregnated paper insulation in power transformers, shunt reactors and other high voltage electrical apparatus caused by partial discharge, a concept of “destructive partial discharge” is introduced in this paper. The intensity of this discharge is regarded as several thousands pico-coulomb (pC) and may cause the insulation a fatal damage. An oil-paper insulation is usually able to withstand this type of partial discharge for a period of time prior to failure. This provides engineers a time window to detect it. This paper describes an on-line partial discharge monitoring system for 500kV shunt reactors. The commission results from 3 single-phase shunt reactors either connected or disconnected to the grid showed that the on-line partial discharge detecting system has a high noise immunising ability. Two years later after the installation, a pre-warning signal was received from one shunt reactor indicating the existence of an intermittent discharge. The acoustic emission system located its position at the low end of the high voltage bushing in the oil. Dissolved gasses analysis (DGA) in the oil suggested the presence of partial discharge, as acetylene (C2H2) was as high as 20ppm. PD activity was further confirmed by a physical examination on the reactor
Correlation Between Uracil and Dihydrouracil Plasma Ratio, Fluorouracil (5-FU) Pharmacokinetic Parameters, and Tolerance in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer: A Potential Interest for Predicting 5-FU Toxicity and Determining Optimal 5-FU Dosage
No full text PURPOSE: Patients with genetic fluorouracil (5-FU) catabolic deficiencies are at high risk for severe toxicity. To predict 5-FU catabolic deficiencies and toxic side effects, we conducted a prospective study of patients treated for advanced colorectal cancer by high-dose 5-FU. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-one patients were treated with weekly infusions of 5-FU and folinic acid. The initial 5-FU dose of 1,300 mg/m2 was individually adjusted according to a dose-adjustment chart. Plasma concentrations of uracil (U) and its dihydrogenated metabolite, dihydrouracil (UH2), were measured before treatment, and the ratio of UH2 to U was calculated. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were conducted to look for a relationship between the ratio of UH2 to U and 5-FU metabolic outcome and tolerance. RESULTS: The UH2-U ratios were normally distributed (mean value, 2.82; range, 0.35 to 7.13) and were highly correlated to (1) 5-FU plasma levels after the first course of treatment (r = .58), (2) 5-FU plasma clearance (r = .639), and (3) individual optimal therapeutic 5-FU dose (r = .65). Toxic side effects were observed only in patients with initial UH2-U ratios of less than 1.8. No adverse effects were noted in patients with UH2-U ratios of greater than 2.25. CONCLUSION: The UH2-U ratio, easily determined before treatment, could help to identify patients with metabolic deficiency and, therefore, a risk of toxicity. </jats:p
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
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