1,720,984 research outputs found
2-Methoxyestradiol prevents monocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells via downregulation of VCAM-1 expression
No full text2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) reduces atherosclerotic lesion formation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the effect of 2-ME on monocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) greatly increased the attachment of monocyte onto cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), which was inhibited by 2-ME in a dose- and time-dependent manner, or by the vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) neutralizing antibody, suggesting that a functional releationship between 2-ME and VCAM-1 may exist. In accordance with this, treatment with 2-ME (10â7â10â5M) for 6â48 h downregulated VCAM-1 protein expression. Meanwhile, the nuclear factor ÎoB (NF-ÎoB) p65 subunit activity and its nuclear translocation was inhibited by 2-ME in HUVECs. The PI3K inhibitor wortmannin or the specific Akt siRNA both inhibited the effects of 2-ME, suggesting that 2-ME inhibited p65 activity via PI3K/Akt signaling. In conclusion, 2-ME inhibits VCAM-1 expression and thus prevents monocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells via regulation of PI3K/Akt and NF-ÎoB signaling. These findings will be helpful for better understanding the mechanisms through which 2-ME improves endothelial function
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
17 Î2 -Estradiol inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell migration via up-regulation of striatin protein
No full textStriatin, an estrogen receptor (ER)-interacting protein, plays an important role in estrogens nongenomic actions in vascular endothelial cells. However, the role of striatin in VSMCs is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of striatin in estrogen-regulated VSMCs migration. 17Î2-Estradiol (E2) at 10 nM largely inhibited VSMCs migration, which was reversed by the silencing of striatin expression. E2 increased striatin protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. ERα agonist PPT, but not ERÎ2 agonist DPN, mimicked the regulatory effect of E2. The regulatory effect of E2 on striatin protein expression was blocked by the pure ER antagonist ICI 182,780 or the mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor PD98059, but not by the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin or Src inhibitor PP2, suggesting that E2 increased striatin protein expression via extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). E2 resulted in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in a time-dependent manner. The silencing of ERK1/2 largely abolished E2-enhanced striatin expression. Finally, the inhibitory effect of E2 on VSMC migration was reversed by ICI 182,780 or PD98059. Taken together, our results indicate that E2 inhibits VSMC migration by increasing striatin expression via ERα to ERK1/2 pathway, which maybe helpful to understand estrogens anti-atherogenic effect in VSMCs
Extragonadal Effects of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone on Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease in Women during Menopausal Transition
Full text linkThe risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease increases significantly in postmenopausal women. Until recently, the underlying mechanisms have been primarily attributed to estrogen decline following menopause. However, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels rise sharply during menopausal transition and are maintained at elevated levels for many years. FSH receptor has been detected in various extragonadal sites, including osteoclasts and endothelial cells. Recent advances suggest FSH may contribute to postmenopausal osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Here, we review the key actions through which FSH contributes to the risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in women as they transition through menopause. Advancing our understanding of the precise mechanisms through which FSH promotes osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease may provide new opportunities for improving health-span for postmenopausal women
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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