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Impact of kerogen heterogeneity on sorption of organic pollutants. 1. sorbent characterization
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Tio2 Photoelectrocatalytic System for Wastewater Detoxification and Disinfection
No full textThis work systematically investigate the nanoparticulate TiO2 photocatalysis and
photoelectrocatalysis based methods for decomposition, detoxification and disinfection of
a series of biological contaminants ranged from small biological compounds such as
amino acids and nucleotide bases, to large biological compounds including protein, lipid
and DNA, to living microorganisms such as bacteria and virus. The small biological
compounds (e.g., amino acids and nucleotide bases) are the basic building blocks of the
large biological compounds (e.g., proteins and DNA), and the large biological compounds
are the building blocks of the living microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and viruses). Due to
the complicity involved, in order to understand the full spectrum of the decomposition,
detoxification and disinfection mechanisms of living microorganisms, a bottom-up
strategy was employed in this study. The photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic
degradation of small biological compounds were firstly investigated to gain the necessary
information for a better understanding of degradation mechanisms of large biological
compounds. The photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of large biological
compounds were then investigated to gain the necessary information for a better
understanding of decomposition/disinfection mechanisms of living microorganisms. This
was followed by the investigation of photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic
decomposition/detoxification/disinfection of living microorganisms.
Chapter 1 of the thesis provides comprehensive literature reviews of the present status
of research developments relevant to this work and the justification for the research topic.
Nanoparticulate TiO2 photoanode is a key element of the proposed research. Chapter
2 describes the fabrication and characterisation of the nanoparticulate TiO2 photoanode.
The nanoparticulate TiO2 photoanode was successfully fabricated using a sol-gel method.
The photoelectrocatalytic properties of the resultant TiO2 photoanodes were systematically
evaluated using water, as well as organic model compounds in both bulk and thin-layer
photoelectrochemical cells. The results indicated that the resultant photoanodes possess
high photocatalytic activity. The measured net charge under the exhaustive conditions in
a thin-layer photoelectrochemical cell is essentially the same as the theoretically required
charge, demonstrating a superior oxidation power and 100% electron collection efficiency.
Photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation of small biological
compounds such as amino acids and nucleotide bases were carried out in Chapters 3 and 4.
These small biological compounds were found to be photocatalytically and
photoelectrocatalytically degradable. The degradation efficiency of PEC method was
found to be higher than that of PC method for all compounds investigated. The organic
nitrogens in the original compounds can be oxidised to either NH3/NH4 + or NO3- or both,
depending the chemical structures of the original compounds and the degradation methods
used. Both experimental results and the theoretically calculated frontier electron densities
values of (2FEDHOMO)2 and (FEDHOMO)2+(FEDLUMO)2 demonstrated that the reaction
mechanisms/pathways of PEC processes differed remarkably from that of PC processes.
As a part of the proposed “bottom-up” strategy, PC and PEC degradation of large
biological compounds such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), lecithin and bacteria
genomic DNA were performed in Chapter 5. A new method for estimating the theoretical
charge required to mineralise these large biological compounds with unknown chemical
formula was firstly developed and experimentally validated. The degradation efficiency
of PEC method was found to be higher than that of PC method for all large biological
compounds investigated.
In Chapter 6, a bactericidal technique (PEC-Br) utilising in situ photoelectrocatalytically generated photohole (h+), Br2•- and active oxygen species (AOS) for instant inactivation and rapid decomposition of Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli was proposed and experimentally validated. The method is capable of inactivating 99.90% and 100% of 9×106 CFU/mL E. coli within 0.40 s and 1.57 s, respectively. To achieve the same inactivation effect, the PEC-Br method is 358 and 199 times faster than that of the PEC method, and 2250 and 764 times faster than that of the PC method.
The Chapter 7 demonstrated the bactericidal technique developed in Chapter 6 can
also be applied as a virucidal technique for rapid inactivation of viruses such as
replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (RDRADS). The PEC-Br method is capable
of deactivating 99.77% and 100% of RDRADS within 14.32 s and 31.65 s, respectively.
The final chapter of the thesis (Chapter 8) summarises the outcomes of this study and
future work.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EnvironmentScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Direct analysis of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene using extractive electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry
No full textImpact of kerogen heterogeneity on sorption of organic pollutants. 2. sorption equilibria
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