1,720,968 research outputs found
Results of the R.O.C.'s Constitutional Reform and Views on the Conclusions Arrived at the National Development Conference
No full text本文係以制度取向探討我國近十年來憲政體制變革之因、果，以及在朝向成熟之民主憲政邁進的今日，所尚須克服之問題。全文共分四部分，第一部分探討憲法概念之所由生，強調憲法是國家根本大法，人民權利之保證書。從思想層面言，憲法源自契約說；此契約觀念可溯自中古歐洲封建時代，領主與其統轄農民間的契約關係。至洛克之契約論始確立了憲法為落實人民主權，實現民主政治之前提。因為此類原則是建立在國家、社會二元論此一思維基礎上，強調國家不應凌駕於社會之上。因此本文在探究憲法對民主政治之貢獻前，先行釐清國家、社會二者間之關係，以為全篇之理論基礎。第二部分起進入實質憲政問題之研究，本文以憲法增修條文制訂前、憲法增修條文制訂後、及國發會議之結論為經緯，析論我國中央政府體制及地方自治二者就制度運作上的諸多問題。在中央政府體制上，本文討論國民大會、總統、行政院、立法院、監察院各項制度問題，尤重總統、行政院、立法院三者之復雜關係，並對如何落實國發會議結論，提出具體建議。第三部分析論我國在憲法上所規定，以及在臺灣地區實際上所實施之地方自治的問題，尤其檢討鄉鎮層級地方自治之適憲性問題。同時本文對國發會議結論中甚具爭議之凍結省自治層級選舉問題，詳細分析利弊並擬設具體落實方案，以提供論者思考空間。民主憲政改革工程艱鉅，絕非一蹴可及。改革( reform)之所以較革命( revolution)為優者，即在其係以和平漸進而非流血激進的方式來達成現狀的改善，臺灣要成功完成民主化工程，就必須堅持和平漸進的手段，次第進行各項憲政的改造。如此方不致因憲法變動太大而影響政治及社會秩序的穩定，也才會使我國民主憲政改革成果符合「寧靜革命」的真諦。這是大家發揮理性與智慧，共同努力的結果。相信在國人的理性與智慧之下，憲政問題必能獲得妥善圓滿的解決，我國之民主憲政亦必立於不頹之根基，永矢咸遵！This essay uses the institutional approach to analyze the R.O.C.'s constitutional reform which began in 1987. The author points out the major problems of the Constitution and its Amendments, and states that the former suffers from ambiguity, especially in the power sharing relationship between the President, the Executive Yuan and the Legislative Yuan. However, the Amendments solved this problem and any potential constitutional crisis was averted. Yet, something was still missing for the Constitution and was not running smoothly. This is the reason why the National Development Conference was summoned. A consensus was finally produced through discussions among the parties in the Conference. The arrived at conclusion became the basis for new Amendments in the future. The most controversial issue discussed at the Conference was whether or not to cancel the provincial autonomy. The author first offers some pro's and con's, then supports the necessity of a cancellation, and finally designs a plan to fulfill this conclusion. This east part forms the most valuable part of the essay
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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