1,720,956 research outputs found
Electret ion chamber and environmental gamma radiation background: Preliminary results on the optimization of a radon gas measurement system
No full textA study to evaluate the feasibility of using a system routinely used for measurements of radon gas concentration for measuring the background of gamma radiation was carried out. This approach would reduce the employment of different detectors to a single type, standardizing the methodology adopted and reducing the costs affecting other types of detectors. A 1440 hours long measurement was performed, using an experimental EIC system. The results were compared with measurements provided by a proportional counter and thermoluminescence dosimeters used as a reference. The results suggest the potential of the EIC system for unconventional use for gamma radiation background measurements
Environmental radiation and risk perception: A survey in the Campania region (Southern Italy)
No full textA study about the risk perception from exposure to environmental radiation, in particular to radon gas, through an online survey has been carried out. The rationale has been the definition of the concepts of risk and danger and the analysis of the European and Italian legislative context regarding information on exposure to ionizing radiation. Two test populations were involved: general and student population. The results showed that the perceived risk is different from the real risk and that the knowledge of the issue is related to the level of education and the cultural background. Furthermore, the influence of dissemination activities and educational projects with high schools on the level of knowledge of gas radon is evident
Radiation dose estimates in DBT compared with FFDM: A brief analysis
No full textBreast cancer is reported as the second most common cancer in the world. The estimate for 2018 is 59 700 new cases of breast cancer (Bray F. et al., Cancer. J. Clin., 68 (2018) 394). The distribution of the incidence of breast cancer is high especially in industrialized countries, followed by developing countries. The development of effective screening programs allows to lead the survival to 84% in developed countries. Early diagnosis, in the context of these programs, is carried out using X-rays and the equipment used for this purpose is constantly updated to improve the detection capability for the same dose delivered. Nowadays, next to full-field digital mammography (FFDM), 3D technology is available on modern mammography devices, such as Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT). Some studies show that the use of DBT, combined with FFDM, or as a stand-alone technology, allows for a better diagnostic performance than FFDM alone (Skaane P. et al., Radiology, 267 (2013) 47; Ciatto S. et al., Lancet Oncol., 14 (2013) 583). In addition to the diagnostic capacity, of course, the dose to the population participating in the screening programs must also be investigated. Considering that the different manufacturers of digital mammography systems use different technologies to reconstruct pseudo-3D images, it is essential to check the radiation dose of various equipment available in healthcare facilities. The purpose of this work is to verify the radiation dose for a specific mammography unit used in both FFDM and DBT procedures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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