1,720,995 research outputs found
The training of one's sight: The POS-tagging of Italian learner corpora for second language acquisition research
No full textThe article concerns the part of speech tagging of learner corpora according to a new methodology which overcomes the problems related to error tagging. This methodology considers the split between form and function in early interlanguages and try to avoid the risk of comparative fallac
SLA meets FLT research: The form/function split in the annotation of Learner Corpora
No full textNell'articolo gli autori descrivono i principi dello SLA-tagging, cioè della metodologia alternativa all'error-tagging che è finalizzata a rispettare la natura provvisoria dei dati interlinguistici nel trattamento di automatizzazion
From Pattern Dictionary to Patternbank
No full textOne of the many ways in which the work of Patrick Hanks has contributed to our understanding of the organization of lexical knowledge and of the phenomenon of meaning modulation in language is the study of the complex relation between the ontological classification proposed for words and their distributional/syntagmatic behavior. More specifically, how types actually behave in context and how this behavior can be modeled in a type system that is consistent with the conceptual organization unveiled by language use. This issue touches the foundations of ontological representation and the complex interplay between semantics and cognition more generally (Jackendoff 2002).
In this paper we focus on the tension between the semantic types (STs) assigned by verbs to their arguments and their extensional definition, that is, the paradigmatic set of words that may fill the different argument positions (lexical set, LS) - a tension that the work within the Pattern Dictionary of English Verbs (PDEV) project coordinated by Hanks had substantially contributed to identify, sharpen and problematize. After reviewing Hanks' insights on this phenomenon (section 1), we argue that the analysis of the mismatch between STs and LSs aimed at building a corpus-based ontology for word sense disambiguation (Hanks et al. 2007) can be improved by extending the Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA) technique used in PDEV so that it includes the annotation of verb patterns onto the corpus instances that instantiate them (section 2). This produces a resource (the "Patternbank") that not only allows one to see the patterns of each verb and to retrieve the relevant contexts (as in the initial PDEV architecture) but also to see how the elements of the patterns (the semantic types associated to the argument positions) map specifically onto the elements of the context (the words that actually instantiate the types in context). A closer look at the benefits of pattern annotation reveals that it can be useful to capture and study linguistic phenomena related not only to the semantics/ontology interface but also to the semantics/syntax interface (syntactic alternations, argument dropping) (2.1), as well as for several NLP applications.
To date, an annotation effort has already been initiated within PDEV. Here, we report the first steps that we have taken with the aim of building a "Patternbank" for Italian (2.2-2.3), starting from the Italian implementation of the Pattern Dictionary project
BiPV in a multicriteria assesment of building envelope solutions. Considerations on economic aspects
No full textThe increasing demand of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) is rapidly contributing to change the building envelope from a passive barrier towards an adaptive and sensible skin. The Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BiPV) involves two main topics: construction technology and architecture. One of the key aspects is the multi-functionality: PV becomes a constructive part of the building envelope that cannot be just considered as a single plant since it strongly characterize architecture, technology, energy behavior and costs.
Despite in literature many examples show the high potential of PV integration in buildings, the complexity of the involved requirements do not always suggest the BiPV as an easy option in the early design phase. Consequently PV is often postponed to a later stage of the construction to simply be adapted onto the building with the cheapest option. Purpose of the work, starting from a multicriteria approach, is to give a contribution concerning the economic assessment of BiPV, through the evaluation of costs and benefits in a life-cycle perspective.
Results allow to appreciate the essential role of PV in the building envelope design confirming that in some cases BiPV is a cost-effective opportunity so that the economic worth joins the quality of the buildin
BIPV: building envelope solutions in a multi-criteria approach. A method for assessing life-cycle costs in the early design phase
No full textThe increasing demand for nearly zero energy buildings is rapidly contributing to changing the design criteria in architecture and concept of the building envelope. Today, photovoltaics (PV) is one of the most reliable technologies for integration in the built environment, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is introducing a different notion of ‘energy integrability’ into practice. The difficulty of undertaking, from the first design stages, a really integrative approach towards energy (PV and building requirements) is today still one of the strongest barriers to the rise of the BIPV market. Likewise, the same uncertainty affects the economic aspects, objects of this paper, since BIPV systems are often evaluated similar to conventional installations. The typical consequence is to neglect their added value such as the multi- functionality of the system and therefore showing limited advantages of BIPV. Scope of this paper, starting from a multi- criteria approach, is to outline a new methodology for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of BIPV for the building skin. This method, based on a life-cycle costing approach and on the assessment of the whole building envelope solution, is expected to support architects during the early design phase in the research of the optimal design of BIPV, synergistically taking into account both PV and building quality. A comparison with conventional building elements and different PV technologies is also presented in order to strengthen the impact of the proposed methodology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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