1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The impact of climate change on agricultural land markets : translating conceptual issues into an agent-based modelling approach
No full textLa thèse étudie les impacts du changement climatique sur les marchés fonciers agricoles. Tout d’abord, en s’appuyant sur le concept de nexus, elle montre comment ils influencent la structure et la dynamique de ces marchés. Deux revues de littérature identifient les fronts de recherche en économie agricole et les besoins en modélisation. Une enquête auprès d’experts fonciers met en évidence les impacts directs et indirects du changement climatique observés et attendus sur l’état et l’usage des terres, ainsi que sur les marchés fonciers en France métropolitaine. Ensuite, la thèse questionne dans quelle mesure les prix actuels constituent déjà des signaux des changements futurs de la rentabilité des terres. Deux modèles multiagents explorent la formation de la valeur du foncier agricole en tenant compte des anticipations des agents concernant, d’une part, le développement urbain et, d’autre part, les impacts climatiques à la marge intensive et extensive. Ces modèles contribuent à la littérature en combinant, pour le premier, les marchés urbains et agricoles et en proposant, pour le second, une approche originale pour représenter comment les agents, dans un contexte incertain, évaluent la valeur des terres. Les résultats montrent que les changements de rentabilité future des terres liés au climat sont déjà partiellement capitalisés dans les prix actuels. Ils confirment que les imperfections de l’information et de la concurrence contribuent à dissocier la valeur d’usage des terres agricoles de leur valeur d’échange sur le marché. Cette thèse apporte ainsi un éclairage sur les mécanismes d’allocation des terres et de formation des prix dans le contexte du changement climatique, et propose plusieurs pistes de réflexion pour mieux considérer ces enjeux dans les politiques publiques.This thesis examines how climate change might affect farmland markets in a Western context shaped by freehold tenure. First, I demonstrate how it influences the structure and dynamics of these markets by conceptualising the climate change-land market nexus. Two literature reviews conducted within this framework outline research fronts in agricultural economics and identify key modelling needs. Then, a qualitative survey of French land experts provides empirical evidence of already observed or expected direct and indirect impacts of climate change on the state and use of farmland, as well as on land markets in metropolitan France. Second, I question the extent to which current land prices already serve as relevant signals of future land profitability changes in an uncertain climate context. I developed two agent-based models (ABM) to explore how the value of farmland is formed, taking into account agents’ expectations concerning urban growth dynamics on the one hand, and climate impacts at both the intensive and extensive land margins on the other hand. The first model contributes to the ABM literature by combining urban and agricultural markets, and the second model provides an original approach to model how agents assess land value under uncertain climate conditions. Results show that climate-induced changes in future land profitability are already partially capitalised in current land prices. They also confirm that imperfect information and competition between uses tend to dissociate the use value of agricultural land from its transaction value on the market. This thesis offers a framework to gain insights on land allocation and price formation issues in the context of a changing climate and helps identify key questions for the design of public policies
The climate, the Land and the farmland markets: Insights into the territory of metropolitan France
Full text linkIn the context of climate change, land institutions may adapt to shifts in land market dynamics to ensure efficient resource allocation and support adaptation and mitigation initiatives. However, the intricate relationship between climate change and land markets is complex and not fully understood. Focusing on metropolitan France, this study aims to present a comprehensive perspective on the interactions between climate change and land markets. Examining data from a review of public documents, a survey of French land market institutions, and additional interviews through the lens of the climate change-land conditions-land markets nexus, the results highlight diverse impacts of climate change and varying land conditions across regions. Local adaptation and mitigation measures, such as introducing new crops, diversifying agricultural activities, and implementing energy production initiatives, are observed. Concurrently, there is evidence of a diversified set of participants in land markets and a trend toward the concentration of property rights. Changes in the determinants of prices, with a growing emphasis on water access and market competition, are also noted. Consequently, this study offers a comprehensive view of the interconnected dynamics between climate change and land markets in France. Additionally, it advocates for a deeper exploration of underlying mechanisms to identify potential pathways for the adaptation of land institutions
Impacts du changement climatique sur les marchés fonciers agricoles : d’un cadre conceptuel à la modélisation multi-agents
No full textThis thesis examines how climate change might affect farmland markets in a Western context shaped by freehold tenure. First, I demonstrate how it influences the structure and dynamics of these markets by conceptualising the climate change-land market nexus. Two literature reviews conducted within this framework outline research fronts in agricultural economics and identify key modelling needs. Then, a qualitative survey of French land experts provides empirical evidence of already observed or expected direct and indirect impacts of climate change on the state and use of farmland, as well as on land markets in metropolitan France. Second, I question the extent to which current land prices already serve as relevant signals of future land profitability changes in an uncertain climate context. I developed two agent-based models (ABM) to explore how the value of farmland is formed, taking into account agents’ expectations concerning urban growth dynamics on the one hand, and climate impacts at both the intensive and extensive land margins on the other hand. The first model contributes to the ABM literature by combining urban and agricultural markets, and the second model provides an original approach to model how agents assess land value under uncertain climate conditions. Results show that climate-induced changes in future land profitability are already partially capitalised in current land prices. They also confirm that imperfect information and competition between uses tend to dissociate the use value of agricultural land from its transaction value on the market. This thesis offers a framework to gain insights on land allocation and price formation issues in the context of a changing climate and helps identify key questions for the design of public policies.La thèse étudie les impacts du changement climatique sur les marchés fonciers agricoles. Tout d’abord, en s’appuyant sur le concept de nexus, elle montre comment ils influencent la structure et la dynamique de ces marchés. Deux revues de littérature identifient les fronts de recherche en économie agricole et les besoins en modélisation. Une enquête auprès d’experts fonciers met en évidence les impacts directs et indirects du changement climatique observés et attendus sur l’état et l’usage des terres, ainsi que sur les marchés fonciers en France métropolitaine. Ensuite, la thèse questionne dans quelle mesure les prix actuels constituent déjà des signaux des changements futurs de la rentabilité des terres. Deux modèles multiagents explorent la formation de la valeur du foncier agricole en tenant compte des anticipations des agents concernant, d’une part, le développement urbain et, d’autre part, les impacts climatiques à la marge intensive et extensive. Ces modèles contribuent à la littérature en combinant, pour le premier, les marchés urbains et agricoles et en proposant, pour le second, une approche originale pour représenter comment les agents, dans un contexte incertain, évaluent la valeur des terres. Les résultats montrent que les changements de rentabilité future des terres liés au climat sont déjà partiellement capitalisés dans les prix actuels. Ils confirment que les imperfections de l’information et de la concurrence contribuent à dissocier la valeur d’usage des terres agricoles de leur valeur d’échange sur le marché. Cette thèse apporte ainsi un éclairage sur les mécanismes d’allocation des terres et de formation des prix dans le contexte du changement climatique, et propose plusieurs pistes de réflexion pour mieux considérer ces enjeux dans les politiques publiques
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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