1,721,012 research outputs found
Blue carbon: Climate adaption, CO2 uptake, and sequestration of carbon in Nordic blue forest. Annual and workhop report 2017.
Full text linkBlått-karbon prosjektet har til hensikt å lage en oppdatert oversikt over karbonkretsløp i blå skog (her: tare, ålegras og tang) i de nordiske landene. Rapporten presenterer foreløpige resultater og fremdrift i prosjektet Blått-karbon som startet opp høsten 2017. Rapporten gir i tillegg et sammendrag av presentasjoner og diskusjoner på workshopen «Status of knowledge for Nordic carbon cycling in blue forest» 16. - 17. November 2017.The Blue carbon project aims to make an updated overview of carbon cycles of kelp, eelgrass and rockweed in Nordic marine waters.
This report represents the annual report of the Blue Carbon project in 2017, and presents preliminary results and progress. It also provides a summary of the workshop "Status of Nordic carbon cycling in blue forests" organized the 16-17 of November 2017.MiljødirektoratetpublishedVersio
Carbon to nutrient ratios in marine systems: understanding natural variability Studies of seasonal, inter-annual and regional variability
Full text linkEcological stoichiometry deals with the coupling of the carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles at the base of the aquatic food webs. Variation in C:N:P stoichiometry is driven by a multitude of factors, and the aim of this thesis is to assess natural variability and identify the key drivers of seasonal, inter-annual and regional C:N:P stoichiometry. PAPER I focuses on the drivers of seasonal variation in C:N:P stoichiometry in two 20-year time series in the Skagerrak. The main result was that the suspended particulate organic matter (seston) was composed of less than 50% autotrophs at both stations. The sestonic fractions have contrasting C:nutrient ratios, which could result in an apparent Redfield stability over the season. Light intensity and spectral composition can affect the carbon to nutrient ratios in autotrophs, and uptake of 33P in three arctic diatoms exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was tested in PAPER II. The results emphasize the species-specific physiological responses of P uptake under UVR stress, and showed in general little support to the hypothesis of increased P uptake during UVR exposure. PAPER III deals with the long-term trends in carbon, nutrients and stoichiometry in the Skagerrak. The nutrient concentrations decreased over the 20-year time period, while the concentrations of C and N in seston, dissolved organic N and the nonautotrophic material all increased significantly and non-linearly between 1998 and 2000. These trends were connected to a reported “darkening” of the coastal waters in Skagerrak, and indicates that a regime-shift took place in the early 2000’s. Over 3600 observations of the C:N ratio in the Arctic and pan-Arctic shelves were analysed in PAPER IV, covering an area not included in previous meta-analyses of seston stoichiometry. The C:N ratio in most regions was significantly higher than the Redfield ratio, and showed significant non-constant behaviour, thus violating the assumption of a constant ratio between C and N
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Reevaluating the role of organic matter sources for coastal eutrophication, oligotrophication and ecosystem health
Full text linkOrganic matter (OM) in aquatic systems is either produced internally (autochthonous OM) or delivered from the terrestrial environment (ter-OM). For eutrophication (or the reverse – oligotrophication), the amount of autochthonous OM plays a key role for coastal ecosystem health. However, the influence of ter-OM on eutrophication or oligotrophication processes of coastal ecosystems is largely unclear. Therefore, ter-OM, or ter-OM proxies are currently not included in most policies or monitoring programs on eutrophication. Nevertheless, ter-OM is increasingly recognized as a strong driver of aquatic productivity: By influencing underwater light conditions and nutrient- and carbon availability, increased ter-OM input may shift systems from autotrophic toward heterotrophic production, but also alter the interactions between benthic, and pelagic habitats. Thus, by changing baseline conditions in coastal zones, ongoing, and predicted changes in inputs of ter-OM due to climate change (e.g., in precipitation) and anthropogenic activities (e.g., reduced sulfate deposition, damming, and coastal erosion) may strongly modify eutrophication symptoms within affected ecosystems, but also hinder recovery from eutrophication following a reduction in nutrient loadings (i.e., oligotrophication). In this review, we aim to shed light upon the role of ter-OM for coastal eutrophication and oligotrophication processes and ecosystem health. Specifically, we (1) discuss the theoretical interactions between ter-OM and eutrophication and oligotrophication processes in coastal waters, (2) present global case studies where altered ter-OM supply to coastal ecosystems has shifted baseline conditions, with implications for eutrophication and oligotrophication processes, and (3) provide an outlook and recommendations for the future management of coastal zones given changes in ter-OM input. We conclude that it is essential to include and target all OM sources (i.e., also ter-OM) in monitoring programs to better understand the consequences of both eutrophication and oligotrophication processes on coastal ecosystems. Our review strongly urges to include ter-OM, or ter-OM proxies in eutrophication monitoring, and policies to safeguard coastal ecosystem health also under changing climatic conditions and globally increasing anthropogenic perturbations of coastal ecosystems
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