60 research outputs found
The distressing choice of partner : a depiction of female courses of life in novels by Gabriele Reuter and Theodor Fontane
No full textDie vorliegende Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit der Darstellung weiblicher Lebensläufe in zwei ausgewählten Romanen des 19. Jahrhunderts. Gabriele Reuter schildert in ihrem naturalistisch geprägten Werk „Aus guter Familie“ die mit der Konfirmation beginnende und im Alter von 40 Jahren mit einem Nervenzusammenbruch endende Lebens- und Leidensgeschichte der fiktiven Protagonistin Agathe Heidling. Theodor Fontane legt in seinem dem poetischen Realismus zuzuordnenden Roman „Irrungen, Wirrungen“ den Fokus auf die weibliche Hauptfigur Lene Nimptsch, die in ihrer autonomen Lebensweise ihr Lebensglück nicht von einem Ehepartner abhängig macht. Im Zentrum der vergleichenden Analyse steht die Frage nach den gesellschaftlichen Normen und den zeitgenössischen Vorstellungen von Partnerwahl, Sexualität und gelingendem Leben, die in beiden Romanen zum Thema werden. Einen weiteren zentralen Bestandteil der Analyse bildet die Untersuchung ihrer Erzählpoetik und ihrer Figurendarstellung. Um das Scheitern von Agathes Lebensweg in all seiner Drastik zu vermitteln, bedient sich Reuter der erlebten Rede und des inneren Monologs. Die Verwendung dieser erzählerischen Modi ermöglicht die unmittelbare Teilnahme der Leserschaft an der diffusen Gedanken- und Gefühlswelt der Protagonistin. Den hauptsächlich negativ konnotierten Romanfiguren kommt die Funktion zu, Agathes verklärtes Weltbild zu zerstören. Die dominanten poetischen Mittel in Fontanes Roman sind Figurendialog und perspektivisches Erzählen. Der Fokus liegt hier auf der Sprechweise der Figuren und den damit vermittelten Einstellungen und Ansichten, wobei die Schilderung emotionaler Ausnahmezustände ausbleibt. Die Figuren erweisen sich allesamt als liebenswert und tragen zu einer positiven Entwicklung der Protagonistin und der erzählten Welt bei.The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse and contrast the depiction of the female protagonists lives in two selected novels of the 19th century. In her novel Aus guter Familie Gabriele Reuter illustrates the protagonist Agathe Heidlings life of suffering, which starts on her confirmation day and ends with a nervous breakdown at the age of 40. Theodor Fontanes novel Irrungen, Wirrungen, which was highly influenced by poetic realism, focuses on the life of the female protagonist Lene Nimptsch, whose autonomy makes her concept of leading a fulfilled life not necessarily dependent on marriage. The analysis and comparison of the two protagonists lives, which are embedded in the 19th century environment of Germany, concentrates on aspects such as finding a suitable husband, sexuality and concepts of leading a fulfilled life with special regard to social norms. Another central part of the analysis is the investigation of the poetics and the character depictions in the two novels. In order to convey the drastic failure of Agathes life, Reuter uses the narrative modes of free indirect discourse and interior monologue. By using these narrative modes the author aims at creating a feeling of immediacy, which makes Agathes diffuse thoughts and emotions have a strong effect on the reader. The function of the mainly negatively connoted characters of the novel is to destroy the protagonists transfigured worldview. In Irrungen, Wirrungen Fontanes poetics is dominated by dialogue and perspective narration. The focus lies on character speech, in which the characters attitudes towards life are conveyed. In contrast to Reuter, Fontane does not illustrate emotional outbursts in his novel. He created amiable characters who contribute to a positive development of the protagonist and the narrated world.vorgelegt von Katharina Sabine ScheiflingerZusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und EnglischAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2020 2.71
The distressing choice of partner : a depiction of female courses of life in novels by Gabriele Reuter and Theodor Fontane
No full textDie vorliegende Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit der Darstellung weiblicher Lebensläufe in zwei ausgewählten Romanen des 19. Jahrhunderts. Gabriele Reuter schildert in ihrem naturalistisch geprägten Werk „Aus guter Familie“ die mit der Konfirmation beginnende und im Alter von 40 Jahren mit einem Nervenzusammenbruch endende Lebens- und Leidensgeschichte der fiktiven Protagonistin Agathe Heidling. Theodor Fontane legt in seinem dem poetischen Realismus zuzuordnenden Roman „Irrungen, Wirrungen“ den Fokus auf die weibliche Hauptfigur Lene Nimptsch, die in ihrer autonomen Lebensweise ihr Lebensglück nicht von einem Ehepartner abhängig macht. Im Zentrum der vergleichenden Analyse steht die Frage nach den gesellschaftlichen Normen und den zeitgenössischen Vorstellungen von Partnerwahl, Sexualität und gelingendem Leben, die in beiden Romanen zum Thema werden. Einen weiteren zentralen Bestandteil der Analyse bildet die Untersuchung ihrer Erzählpoetik und ihrer Figurendarstellung. Um das Scheitern von Agathes Lebensweg in all seiner Drastik zu vermitteln, bedient sich Reuter der erlebten Rede und des inneren Monologs. Die Verwendung dieser erzählerischen Modi ermöglicht die unmittelbare Teilnahme der Leserschaft an der diffusen Gedanken- und Gefühlswelt der Protagonistin. Den hauptsächlich negativ konnotierten Romanfiguren kommt die Funktion zu, Agathes verklärtes Weltbild zu zerstören. Die dominanten poetischen Mittel in Fontanes Roman sind Figurendialog und perspektivisches Erzählen. Der Fokus liegt hier auf der Sprechweise der Figuren und den damit vermittelten Einstellungen und Ansichten, wobei die Schilderung emotionaler Ausnahmezustände ausbleibt. Die Figuren erweisen sich allesamt als liebenswert und tragen zu einer positiven Entwicklung der Protagonistin und der erzählten Welt bei.The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse and contrast the depiction of the female protagonists lives in two selected novels of the 19th century. In her novel Aus guter Familie Gabriele Reuter illustrates the protagonist Agathe Heidlings life of suffering, which starts on her confirmation day and ends with a nervous breakdown at the age of 40. Theodor Fontanes novel Irrungen, Wirrungen, which was highly influenced by poetic realism, focuses on the life of the female protagonist Lene Nimptsch, whose autonomy makes her concept of leading a fulfilled life not necessarily dependent on marriage. The analysis and comparison of the two protagonists lives, which are embedded in the 19th century environment of Germany, concentrates on aspects such as finding a suitable husband, sexuality and concepts of leading a fulfilled life with special regard to social norms. Another central part of the analysis is the investigation of the poetics and the character depictions in the two novels. In order to convey the drastic failure of Agathes life, Reuter uses the narrative modes of free indirect discourse and interior monologue. By using these narrative modes the author aims at creating a feeling of immediacy, which makes Agathes diffuse thoughts and emotions have a strong effect on the reader. The function of the mainly negatively connoted characters of the novel is to destroy the protagonists transfigured worldview. In Irrungen, Wirrungen Fontanes poetics is dominated by dialogue and perspective narration. The focus lies on character speech, in which the characters attitudes towards life are conveyed. In contrast to Reuter, Fontane does not illustrate emotional outbursts in his novel. He created amiable characters who contribute to a positive development of the protagonist and the narrated world.vorgelegt von Katharina Sabine ScheiflingerZusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und EnglischAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2020 2.71
A model of measles virus–induced immunosuppression: Enhanced susceptibility of neonatal human PBLs
No full textEvidence of protective effects of recombinant ADAMTS13 in a humanized model of sickle cell disease
No full textSickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disorder that occurs worldwide. Acute vaso-occlusive crisis is the main cause of hospitalization in patients with SCD. There is growing evidence that inflammatory vasculopathy plays a key role in both acute and chronic SCD-related clinical manifestations. In a humanized mouse model of SCD, we found an increase of von Willebrand factor activity and a reduction in the ratio of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, number 13 (ADAMTS13) to von Willebrand factor activity similar to that observed in the human counterpart. Recombinant ADAMTS13 was administered to humanized SCD mice before they were subjected to hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) stress as a model of vaso-occlusive crisis. In SCD mice, recombinant ADAMTS13 reduced H/R-induced hemolysis and systemic and local inflammation in lungs and kidneys. It also diminished H/R-induced worsening of inflammatory vasculopathy, reducing local nitric oxidase synthase expression. Collectively, our data provide for the first-time evidence that pharmacological treatment with recombinant ADAMTS13 (TAK-755) diminished H/R-induced sickle cell-related organ damage. Thus, recombinant ADAMTS13 might be considered as a potential effective disease-modifying treatment option for sickle cell-related acute events
Epitope mapping of ADAMTS13 autoantibodies in acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
No full textFlow-induced elongation of von Willebrand factor precedes tension-dependent activation
No full textVon Willebrand factor, an ultralarge concatemeric blood protein, must bind to platelet GPIbα during bleeding to mediate hemostasis, but not in the normal circulation to avoid thrombosis. Von Willebrand factor is proposed to be mechanically activated by flow, but the mechanism remains unclear. Using microfluidics with single-molecule imaging, we simultaneously monitored reversible Von Willebrand factor extension and binding to GPIbα under flow. We show that Von Willebrand factor is activated through a two-step conformational transition: first, elongation from compact to linear form, and subsequently, a tension-dependent local transition to a state with high affinity for GPIbα. High-affinity sites develop only in upstream regions of VWF where tension exceeds ~21 pN and depend upon electrostatic interactions. Re-compaction of Von Willebrand factor is accelerated by intramolecular interactions and increases GPIbα dissociation rate. This mechanism enables VWF to be locally activated by hydrodynamic force in hemorrhage and rapidly deactivated downstream, providing a paradigm for hierarchical mechano-regulation of receptor–ligand binding.Version of Recor
Persistence of circulating ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes in patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
No full textAnti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies are the main cause of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Binding of these antibodies to ADAMTS13 eventually results in the formation of antigen-antibody immune complexes. Circulating ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes have been described in acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patients, however, the prevalence and persistence of these immune complexes over time has hitherto remained elusive. Here, we analyzed a large cohort of patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura for the presence of free and complexed anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies. In the acute phase (n=68), 100% of patients had free IgG antibodies and 97% had ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes. In remission (n=28), 75% of patients had free antibodies (mainly IgG) and 93% had ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes. Free antibodies were mainly of subclasses IgG1 and IgG4, whereas IgG4 was by far the most prevalent in ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes. Comparison of ADAMTS13 inhibitor and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG (total and subclasses) antibody titers in acute phase and in remission samples showed a statistically significant decrease in all parameters in remission. Although non-significant, a trend towards reduced or undetectable titers in remission was also observed for ADAMTS13-specific immune complexes of subclasses IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3. For IgG4, no such trend was discernible; IgG4 immune complexes persisted over years, even in patients who had been treated with rituximab and who showed no features suggesting relapse
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