150,955 research outputs found
Why aircraft will fly more fuel-efficiently on FRIDAY: The FRIDAY route charges method
No full textThe Single European Sky is being introduced to improve the efficiency of flight and traffic operations by reforming the air traffic management system. Despite all of these technical advances, airlines choose detours to avoid high route charges. This mechanism is intensified when fuel prices are low. The single unit rate method has been proposed to counter this behavior, but it will introduce other problems for both air navigation service providers (ANSPs) and airlines. For instance ANSPs have to agree on the redistribution of revenues, and some airlines can be confronted with considerable hikes in the route charges. We propose a novel route charges method called FRIDAY (Fixed Rate Incorporating Dynamic Allocation for optimal Yield) that will i). take away the incentive to airlines for detours, ii). keep ANSPs in control of their unit rates, and iii). keep the new route charges for airlines close to the current route charges when introducing FRIDAY. We will show how the FRIDAY method calculates route charges for flights, and revenues for air navigation service providers. Furthermore, we will introduce a numerical method for setting the unit rates for the FRIDAY method. The expected benefits of introducing the FRIDAY route charges method are i). cost, fuel and time savings for airlines, ii). increased predictability, and reductions in traffic risks for ANSPs, and iii). reductions in emissions and CO2 for society.Air Transport & Operation
An analysis of Japanese stock return dynamics conditional on U.S. Monday holiday closures
No full textThis paper examines a unique data set consisting of Japanese equity returns for the Friday, Monday, and Tuesday surrounding U.S. Monday holiday closures. The objective is to neutralize the impact of spillover effects from New York to Tokyo. Prior studies find that Japanese returns are negative on Tuesday and anomalous; this phenomenon is known as the Japanese-Tuesday effect. One explanation for the Japanese-Tuesday effect is that there exists a cause and effect relationship with Monday returns in New York. Historically, Monday returns in New York are negative, a phenomenon known as the U.S.-Monday effect. The empirical results show that U.S. Monday closures have a significant impact on Japanese return dynamics for surrounding trading days. The empirical evidence does not support the hypothesis that the U.S.-Monday and Japanese-Tuesday effects are related. Potential explanations for the occurrence and then disappearance of the Japanese-Tuesday effect rely on microstructure properties unique to Tokyo. More recently, spillover effects from New York to Tokyo have increased in intensity, and this is attributed to the introduction of the Nikkei 225 index on the SIMEX.Financial markets ; International finance ; Japan ; Stock market
The Support of Mobile-Awareness in Collaborative Groupware
No full textThis paper explores the need for mobile-awareness in groupware designed for use in a mobile environment. The motivation for providing this additional form of awareness is that current groupware tends to assume a reliable and constant quality of communications that does not exist in a mobile environment. The implications of making this false assumption are twofold: first, systems that enforce certain ordering and reliability semantics across all operations can suffer drastic performance penalties; second, users are given insufficient awareness of (and control over) the effect of the unreliable communications environment on their collaboration. The support of mobile-awareness implies providing users with appropriate and sufficient inforraation to adapt their behaviour (and the behaviour of the system) in response to changes in the quality of group communications available. To support the development of mobile-aware groupware we have built a flexible Quality of Service (QoS)-based group service capable of providing group-oriented feedback to application level services
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Funeral Service of Niles D. Friday
No full textFuneral program for Niles D. Friday. The funeral was held August 28, 1964 at St. Paul Methodist Church, officiated by Rev. T. Madison Bruton. Funeral arrangements were made through Sutton and Sutton Mortuary and he was buried in Ft. Sam Houston National Cemetery near San Antonio, Texas
Golden Eagles Host Peacocks Friday and Saturday
No full textSmith, Shawn D.. (2017). Golden Eagles Host Peacocks Friday and Saturday. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/256365
Hydraulic Fracturing in Pennsylvania: A Policy Analysis
No full textPFAS (polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances) chemicals and hydraulic fracturing have significant impact on the health and well-being of communities as well as the environment. PFAS chemicals, also known as “forever chemicals,” do not break down naturally in the environment and have the high potential of leaking into soil and water. Contamination of soil and water via hydraulic fracturing is becoming more common. Many health risks and conditions are associated with exposure to PFAS chemicals. This policy analysis discusses how the guidelines distributed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) influence policy in Pennsylvania, explores how weak policy making on hydraulic fracturing and PFAS chemicals puts communities at risk, and examines the Biden Administration’s stance on hydraulic fracturing and PFAS contamination. The policies implemented by the EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection were analyzed in detail as they pertain to hydraulic fracturing and exposure to PFAS chemicals. An environmental scan was then conducted to report on a widely-used database to record chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, EPA approval of certain PFAS chemicals, and Marcellus Shale impact on unconventional drilling. The Biden Administration was discussed with respect to the steady emergence of reports on PFAS chemicals and their influence on the intersection of environmental health of the US population and policy making. This analysis concludes with recommendations to prioritize environmental health policy and implement chemical testing strategies across the country with a focus on areas of high risk such as hydraulic fracturing sites
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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