1,720,960 research outputs found
The Development of the Functional Dissociation of Perception and Action
No full textHumans rely on their visual system to navigate and interact with the world, utilizing two functionally distinct cortical pathways: the ventral pathway, responsible for visual perception, and the dorsal pathway, which supports visuomotor actions. While the functional dissociation between these behaviours has been extensively studied in adults, its developmental trajectory and susceptibility to neurodevelopmental conditions is not as well-understood. This dissertation investigates the dissociation between perception and action in pediatric and adult populations with atypical neurodevelopment, focusing on three experimental studies. The first study examines a pediatric patient, TC, who underwent a unilateral cortical resection impacting both the dorsal and ventral pathways. Despite intact perceptual abilities, her visuomotor behaviors were markedly impaired, highlighting differential developmental trajectories of the two pathways and the dissociation between perception and action. The second study investigates children with amblyopia, a developmental visual disorder, and finds a reduced perception-action functional dissociation compared to neurotypical controls. This suggests that atypical visual experience disrupts the functional specialization of the pathways early in life. The final study focuses on adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and reveals reduced perception-action dissociation in two different contextual conditions. Together, these studies provide a detailed examination of how neurodevelopmental conditions influence the emergence of perceptual behaviors, visuomotor behaviours and the dissociation between these functions. These investigations confirm the sensitivity of visuomotor behaviours to atypical development and show that the dissociation between perceptual and visuomotor functions is disrupted under a range of neurodevelopmental conditions
Examining Eye Movements In Response To Repeated Exposure To Building Stimuli
No full textResearch has consistently indicated a strong connection between eye movements and memory processes. This thesis explores this relationship by examining how repeated exposure to AI-generated images of buildings influences eye movements and memory. Twenty-four participants viewed 120 building images across four levels of repetition (novel, once, three, and five times), while their eye movements were recorded, and their memory assessed. The results showed significant repetition effects on both eye movements and memory. Eye movement measures revealed a decrease in fixation count and saccadic amplitude, and an increase in fixation duration, with increased repetitions. Memory measures revealed improved recognition and confidence, with increased repetitions. These repetition effects align with previous studies on faces and scenes, suggesting that the effects supersede differences in how specific object categories are processed. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that memory and oculomotor systems are associated in processing buildings, just as they are in processing faces and scenes
Perceived Depth Modulates Perceptual Resolution
Get PDFThe goal of this thesis was to investigate whether changes to perceived depth affects the resolution of object perception. In a series of four experiments, I used psychophysical methods to examine how perceived depth, defined by 2D pictorial cues in the Ponzo Illusion, modulated perceptual resolution even when it was independent to the task at hand. For Experiments 1-2, participants completed size and orientation discrimination tasks with a pair of lines, where the stimuli were placed either on the "close" or "far" portion of the Ponzo Illusion, as well as a non-Illusory "flat" portion. Across both experiments, more precise and faster discrimination abilities were found for lines perceived as closer to the observer. To rule out a potential confound of surface size, a follow up control experiment was conducted on the orientation task (Experiment 2b) using two size-matched non-illusory version of the Ponzo illusion. The results continued to show a persistent enhancement of close objects even when surface size was controlled for. Lastly, in agreement with previous findings, results of Experiment 3 showed that this close benefit extends even to high level perceptual processing such as a face identification task. Together these findings support the idea that the human visual system may have dedicated processes for closer things
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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