1,721,007 research outputs found
HIV treatment and worker absenteeism: Quasi-experimental evidence from a large-scale health program in South Africa
No full textOver the past decade, large-scale HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs have proven hugely successful in improving life expectancy for people living with HIV. However, the extent to which treatment allows patients to maintain a productive work life remains an open question. We apply an instrumental variable method based on individual CD4 counts and exogenously changing treatment guidelines to identify the causal effect size of ART on health-related absenteeism rates among workers living with HIV. We use monthly data from the occupational health program of one of the world’s largest mining companies in South Africa (128,052 observations among 1,924 workers, from 2009 to 2017). Eighteen months after HIV treatment initiation, antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces absenteeism by 1.033 days per worker and month. Using publicly available wage and treatment cost data, we find that the cost savings due to the absenteeism effect of ART alone outweigh treatment costs in the mining sector in several Sub-Saharan African countries. <br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Topics in health and human development
No full textThe concept of poverty has evolved over time and has now become a generalized notion covering material well-being, social well-being, physical well-being, security, freedom of action and lack of political power. Each dimension is generally not captured adequately by a single indicator and hence the number of variables measuring the level of development tends to proliferate. The first part of the thesis examines whether some subset of these factors are driving all others using conventional linear data reduction techniques and also using methods borrowed from the study of ~actals which capture some of the non-Iinearities in the relationships. The focus in the rest of the thesis moves to the particular relationship between health and income. While the traditional view was that economic growth improved health, recent research argues for the reverse direction of causation. In agreement with other literature, income is found to be a unit root process using a panel dataset. However, this thesis is unique as far as the author is aware in testing for unit roots in life expectancy and finding non-stationarity. This result was found to be robust to null hypotheses of stationarity or non-stationarity. Another significant contribution to the literature is that cointegration is found between health and income using the panel test given by Kao {1999}. The long-run relationship between the variables was then estimated using panel dynamic OLS which adjusts for possible endogeneity and serial correlation. The existence of cointegration implies causation and the direction of causality was explored in the final section. Life expectancy was found to be responding endogenously to changes in income while evidence of the reverse direction of causation was more ambiguous.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
- …
