1,721,059 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Der Einfluss der Lebenssituation auf die Sturzereignisse bei selbständigen älteren Menschen
Get PDFBackground: Falling is one of the main reasons for injuries, injury-related disabilities, and mortality amongst older people. As a result, the risk increases for medical treatment, the need of care and limited quality of life. At a time when older people increasingly live alone, the intention of this study was to find out the association between the living situation and falling incidents considering older, individual living persons from the age of 70 and older. Secondarily it was examined if there was already in research literature known risk factors for falling incidents associated with this target group.
Methods: 85 participants, 62 of them female and 23 male with a minimum age of 70 took part in this study. The average age was 77,1 years. Participants were retrospectively asked about falling events during the last 12 months, their current life situation (living alone, living with a partner, living with relatives/friends), their subjective health status, any current medication, as well as age and sex. Furthermore the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and the Trail Making Test (TMT) were applied.
Results: Relating to the findings of this study no significant association between falling incidents and the living situation (living alone - living together) (x2 (2,85) = 1,94; p = 0,747) could be identified. Furthermore no significant association between falling incidents and currently known risk factors like decreased subjective health, increased medication, increased fear of falling down (FES-I), or reduced physical performance (SPPB) were revealed.
Conclusion: In summary the results of this study show that older people who live alone do not have a higher risk of falling down than older persons who live together with one or more people.
Main reasons for failing to find significant results include a rather small subject group and also the fact that a majority were members of elderly sport groups. This is, together with the high relevance and a lack of adequate research on this subject, why the association between the living situation und falling down incidents should be further examined in the future.Hintergrund und Ziele: Stürze gehören zu den Hauptursachen für Verletzungen, verletzungsbedingte Behinderungen und Mortalität in der älteren Bevölkerung. Daraus resultierend steigt das Risiko für medizinische Behandlungen, Pflegebedürftigkeit und eingeschränkter Lebensqualität bei den Betroffenen. In einer Zeit, in der ältere Menschen zunehmend allein leben, war die Intension dieser Arbeit den Zusammenhang zwischen der Lebenssituation und den Sturzereignissen bei selbständig lebenden, älteren Menschen ab 70 Jahren zu beleuchten. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde untersucht, ob bereits in der Literatur bekannte Risikofaktoren für Sturzereignisse auch in diesem Probandenkollektiv mit Stürzen assoziiert sind.
Methoden: An dieser Studie haben 85 Probanden, 62 weiblich und 23 männlich mit einem Mindestalter von 70 Jahren teilgenommen. Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 77,1 Jahren. Die Patienten wurden retrospektiv hinsichtlich Sturzereignissen in den letzten 12 Monaten, aktueller Lebenssituation (alleinlebend, mit dem Partner zusammenlebend, mit Angehörigen/Bekannten zusammenlebend), subjektivem Gesundheits- zustand, Medikamenteneinnahme, sowie nach Alter und Geschlecht befragt. Weiterhin wurden die Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I), die Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) und der Trail Making Test (TMT) durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse und Beobachtungen: Bezüglich der Ergebnisse konnte kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Sturzereignissen und der Lebenssituation (alleinlebend - zusammenlebend) (x2 (2,85) = 1,94; p = 0,747) identifiziert werden. Auch zeigten sich keine signifikanten Zusammenhänge zwischen Sturzereignissen und bereits bekannten Risikofaktoren wie verminderte subjektive Gesundheit, gesteigerte Medikamenteneinnahme, erhöhte Sturzangst (FES-I) oder reduzierter körperlicher Performance (SPPB).
Schlussfolgerung: Zusammenfassend lässt sich aus den Ergebnissen dieser Studie schließen, dass allein lebende ältere Menschen keinem höherem Sturzrisiko ausgesetzt sind, als Senioren, die mit einem oder mehreren Menschen zusammenleben.
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Ursächlich für fehlende signifikante Ergebnisse könnte das eher kleine Probandenkollektiv mit überwiegend sehr fitten Probanden aus Seniorensportgruppen sein. Aufgrund der hohen Relevanz der Thematik und geringer Studienlage sollte der Zusammenhang zwischen der Lebenssituation und den Sturzereignissen in weiteren Studien untersucht werden, die Probanden mit heterogenem funktionellen Status einschließen
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Epidemiologie und Therapie der Osteoporose bei stationären geriatrischen Patienten. Spröde Diagnostik bei spröden Knochen
No full textOsteoporosis as a latent widespread disease mainly in older people turns out to become a great national economic and healthcare problem, which will increase in the near future. Due to the lack of specific symptoms and diagnostic tests, the patients with osteoporosis most often do not clinically appear before a fracture has occurred. There is the feeling, that especially older people with increasing incidence of osteoporosis do not receive proper medical treatment. There are multifactorial causes for less opportunity of medical treatment in older adults. The aim of this dissertation was to show on the basis of the Data Bank of Bavarian Geriatric Clinics and Rehabilitation Centres (GIBDAT), whether there is an underreporting and/or undertreatment for osteoporosis in geriatric patients in Bavaria in general, as well as in comparison to epidemiologic data of comparative clinical trials.Die Osteoporose als eine schlummernde, weit verbreitete Erkrankung, welche sich zumeist erst bei älteren Patienten manifestiert, stellt sich bereits jetzt und zunehmend in naher Zukunft als ein großes wachsendes Problem mit gesundheitsökonomischer Bedeutung dar. Aufgrund des Fehlens von spezifischen Krankheitssymptomen und eindeutigen diagnostischen Tests in der Frühphase präsentieren sich die Patienten meist erst, wenn bereits eine Fraktur eingetreten ist. Es gibt Hinweise, dass insbesondere die älteren Patienten, welche die höchste Inzidenz der Osteoporose aufweisen, nicht die angemessene medikamentöse Therapie erhalten. Bezüglich der Zurückhaltung der medikamentösen Versorgung von älteren Patienten gibt es zahlreiche Beweggründe. Ziel der Dissertation ist es, anhand eines Datenabgleiches von epidemiologischen Daten aus bayerischen Rehabilitationskliniken (GIBDAT) mit Vergleichsstudien zu überprüfen, ob ein fehlendes Bewusstsein der Ärzteschaft bezüglich der Diagnose und Therapie der Osteoporose vorliegt
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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