160,742 research outputs found
Scopolamine and MK801-induced working memory deficits in rats are not reversed by CBD-rich cannabis extracts
No full textSmoking marijuana causes working and short-term memory deficits, an effect that is mediated by cannabinoid receptor (CBI) activation in the brain. While this may be due to the main psychoactive constituent Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), plantextracts also contain other cannabinoid and terpenoid compounds with unknown properties. Towards this end, we have recently shown that high concentrations of plant extracts rich in cannabidiol (CBD) can reverse working memory deficits induced by Delta(9)-THC which is a remaining contaminant of this extract [Fadda P, Robinson L, Fratta W. Pertwee RG, Riedel G. Differential effects of THC- and CBD-rich cannabis-ex tracts on working memory in rats. Neuropahrmacology 2004:47:1170-9]. Since this effect was dose-dependent and indicative of memory enhancing qualities of the CBD-rich extract, this prompted a wider investigation into the effects of CBD on other forms of amnesia in order to determine the mechanism of action and to reveal its potency against anticholinergic and antiglutamatergic agents.
We employed a spatial delayed matching to position task in the open-field water maze. Both scopolamine (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) and dizocilpine (MK801: 0.1 mg/kg i.p.) impaired working memory at delays of 30 s and 4 h. Two doses of CBD-rich extracts (5 and 10 mg/kg), which did not affect working memory when given alone, were unable to reverse these deficits when co-administered with scopolamine or MK801.
These data suggest that reversal of working memory deficits by CBD-rich extracts are specific to the cannabinoid system and do not compensate for acutely induced cholinergic or glutamatergic receptor hypoactivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Synthesis and opioid receptor affinity of bivalent ligands derived from 3,8-diazabicyclo (3.2.1) octanes
No full textA new series of bivalent ligands (2a-d), derived from the previously reported analgesic 3-cinnamyl-8-propionyl-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane (1a), has been synthesized and tested in vitro for their affinity towards opioid receptors and in vivo for their analgesic potency. None of the new compounds showed either appreciable affinity for opioid receptors or analgesic activity comparable to that of the model 1a
Arnaut Daniel, “Lancan son passat li giure” (BdT 29.11)
No full textThe article provides a commentary of Arnaut Daniel’s “Lancan son passat li giure”, a moralistic song whose main theme is ‘fals’Amor’ (sensual love). The song holds strong intertextual relations with Raimbaut d’Aurenga’s “Apres mon vers vueilh sempr’ordre”, as is shown primarily by the use of the same rhymes ‘-il’ et ‘-iure’, which do not appear elsewhere in the troubadour corpus. Raimbaut’s song, whose verses 37-54 are interpreted differently by W. T. Pattison, its main editor, also deals with ‘fals’Amor’. But if Raimbaut praises the pleasures of physical love, which is portrayed as an irresistible cajoler, Arnaut condems and refuses it, after having experienced it. In this instance, “Lancan son passat li giure” seems to be a kind of polemic reply to “Apres mon vers”. In Arnaut’s view anyway, ‘fals’Amor’, though criticized, turns out to be the winning pattern of courtly behaviour, given its seductive and persuasive skill, to which it is difficult to resist. The text of Arnaut’song is the one established by M. Eusebi, with substantial modifications
Prof. Th. W. Adorno and the author Hans Erich Nossack.
No full textProf. Th. W. Adorno and the author Hans Erich Nossack at a reception of Insel Verlag, Buchmesse Frankfurt 1966LB
Chronic imipramine, L-sulpiride and mianserin decrease Corticotropin releasing Factor levels in the rat brain
No full textAmong clinically effective antidepressant drugs, the action mechanism of mianserin has recently been related to variations in corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) levels in the rat locus coeruleus. We describe a specific effect on CRF levels after chronic treatment with different antidepressants: mianserin (10 mg/kg), imipramine (20 mg/kg), both for 21 days, or L-sulpiride (1 mg/kg) for 15 days. While all antidepressants used greatly decreased CRF concentrations in the hypothalamus, only mianserin decreased CRF concentrations by 40% in extrahypothalamic sites. Acute treatments failed to modify CRF levels. Chronic treatment with mianserin did not affect CRF density either in the hypothalamus or the extrahypothalamic areas. This new finding may add another facet to the therapeutic action of certain antidepressants and in particular to the atypical profile of mianserin
Nowe spojrzenie na planowanie architektury mieszkaniowej w afryce subsaharyjskiej
No full textThe author shares his reflections on state of art in housing and urban planning, deficiencies, expectations and possibilities in the Sahel region of Africa. He notices, that the housing problem in Africa is one of the challenges, which should be solved in order to recover life dignity of African people and secure their rights to traditional family life in acceptable conditions. The paper describes the studies on the typical dispersed urban structures and the need to foster this type of settlement structure and proposals of introduction of new on light steel frame housing system in the area of Sahel, combining the traditional way of building houses with modern technology. The particularly analysed case, is the housing problem in the Republic of Chad. The author presents the basic discussion on this topic and his architectural proposals. Unfortunately, the gap between the needs and the financial feasibility of housing construction in this area, makes this project already at the starting point extremely difficult to be realized without external subventions.Problem mieszkaniowy w Afryce jest jednym z wyzwań, które należy rozwiązać, aby Afrykanie mogli odzyskać godność życiową i zabezpieczyć swoje prawa do tradycyjnego życia rodzinnego w akceptowalnych warunkach. W artykule opisano badania nad typowymi rozproszonymi strukturami miejskimi i potrzebą wspierania tego typu struktur osadniczych oraz propozycji wprowadzenia nowego systemu konstrukcji domów, opartym na lekkim szkielecie stalowym, łączącym tradycyjny sposób budowania domów z nowoczesną technologią. Przypadkiem szczególnie analizowanym jest problem mieszkaniowy w Republice Czadu. Autor przedstawia podstawową dyskusję na ten temat i swoje propozycje architektoniczne. Niestety luka między potrzebami mieszkaniowymi w Czadzie a finansową wykonalnością budownictwa mieszkaniowego w tym obszarze sprawia, że projekt ten, już w punkcie wyjścia, jest niezwykle trudny do realizacji bez uzyskania zewnętrznych dotacji
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