1,721,014 research outputs found
Essays on risk and insurance with endogenous hazards
No full textThis thesis uses a series of simple, specific but inter-related, models to examine issues in the economics of risk and insurance with endogenous hazards. We analyse specific models because of well-known difficulties in the economics of risk with multiple decision variables which arise from possible non-convexities and interactions between the controls.Following Chapter 1, the Introduction and Summary, the principal part of the thesis, Chapters 2-4, analyses a simple two-states, single-period, principal-agent type problem. Risks confronted by one party (the principal) are physical; his preferences, at least, are state-dependent. A large number of interesting economic environments involving bilateral risk-sharing can be imbedded in this canonical framework, including the following. In Chapter 2 we consider optimal compensation for potential fatality - the Value of Life - and compare the consequences of certain and conditional compensation for, inter alia, endogenous and asymmetrically-held risk assessments. The compensator (the agent) is assumed risk-neutral. Chapter 3 considers a risk-averse compensator. Principal concern here is how variations in his conditional (or unconditionnal) risk aversion affects Pareto -efficient financial risk-sharing and the level of physical risk. Chapter 4 specializes Chapter 2's risk neutral compensator model to consider compensating wage differentials for occupational hazards. Two broad issues are discussed. In §4.1, a model of adaptive worker behaviour is used to discuss whether worker learning affects the conclusion, from Chapter 2's static model, that the risk assessments of compensator and compensatee might be inversely related. In §4.2, potential workers are distinguished by two attributes: skill (human capital) and financial capital. We suggest that because equivalent variations in each affect a worker's reservation wage (including desired job attributes - e.g., safety) identically, while labour demand depends only upon his skill, there might be discontinuities in the relationship between the riskiness of the occupations to which workers are allocated and their financial or human capital. The endogenous hazards in Chapters 2-4 principally relate to 'environmental quality'. Chapter 5, finally, considers the pricing and quality control strategy of a monopoly producer. The risk confronted arises from future goodwill loss reflected in the market exit of dissatisfied customers.</p
Analyzing Target-, Handcrafted- and Learning-Based Methods for Automated 3D Measurement and Modelling
Get PDFIn industrial vision metrology, precise spatial measurement is vital for quality control and complex manufacturing, traditionally relying on target arrays for sub-pixel accuracy (0.05–0.1 pixels) and precision to beyond 1:200,000. However, target design, placement and measurement are often time-consuming and challenging for large-scale projects. Automated, markerless methods, generally called Structure-from-Motion (SfM), based on handcrafted algorithms or deep learning-based pipelines, offer greater flexibility but are not widely adopted due not only to concerns about reliability and precision, but also because in many industrial photogrammetry applications targets highlight particular feature points of interest, e.g. tooling points, holes and edges. This study reviews the differences between target-, handcrafted- and learning-based approaches, explores hybrid methods combining targets and natural features, and tests learning-based or handcrafted approaches against the traditional target-based method. Two end-to-end learning-based pipelines based on SuperPoint+LightGlue and KeyNet+AffNet+HardNet are evaluated. Results show that deep learning pipelines for tie point extraction provide enhanced automation but inferior triangulation precision, while being comparable to handcrafted methods
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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