1,721,035 research outputs found
Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) Features of Laryngeal Fractures in a Case of Fatal Manual Strangulation
No full textAfter attending this presentation, attendees will be aware of a new application of micro-Computed Tomography (CT) for dealing
with the identification of the signs of pressure of the neck in cases of subtle manual strangulation.
This presentation will impact the forensic science community by suggesting a novel approach for the identification of laryngeal
fractures by means of micro-CT analysis.
It is widely accepted that there are no specific or fully determinate signs of asphyxia. In cases of subtle fatal neck compression,
postmortem findings on external examination of a body as well as on autopsy may vary considerably depending on the type of violent
trauma, the strength of the resistance exerted by the victim, and on the intensity and duration of neck compression. Based on the
detection of a combination of morphological hallmarks such as external injuries to the skin, hyoid or laryngeal fractures, hemorrhages of
the overlying soft tissues, and subconjuctiveal petechiae, the diagnosis of homicidal neck compression is generally accepted.
A case is presented of a 45-year-old schizophrenic patient found on the floor of the bedroom of a psychiatric ward in cardiopulmonary
arrest. The patient was successfully resuscitated; nevertheless, brain death was declared after two days in a vegetative state. The
roommate of the deceased, who was also schizophrenic, stated that “the voice of God told me to kill my roommate” and death occurred
after a prolonged scuffle. The body showed only vague signs of violence at external inspection (i.e., a subtle bruise on the forehead and
a minute scratch on the left arm).
At autopsy, the identification of subepicardial petechiae and moderate pulmonary emphysema were not useful for the diagnosis
of asphyxial death because these signs might be related to resuscitative maneuvers with prolonged artificial ventilation. Since focal
hemorrhagic infiltration of the tracheal mucosa and the superior horns of the thyroid cartilage were observed, a CT scan of the entire larynx
was performed, with the goal of identifying laryngeal fractures. Moreover, both superior horns of the thyroid cartilage were analyzed
thorough a micro-CT, a radiological technique for tissue analysis with a spatial resolution of a few microns. The 3D reconstruction
allowed for identification of multiple cartilage fragments of the larynx. Consequently, the cause of death was identified as asphyxia due
to manual strangulation.
Considering that micro-CT analysis is able to generate images with a high level of detail compared to conventional radiological
techniques, in cases of subtle fatal neck compression this type of investigation could be useful for the morphological identification of
comminuted bilateral fractures. This may be particularly useful in cases involving children and young adults where fractures or cartilage
damages may be minimal or absent as a consequence of the elasticity of the ligaments around the larynx and hyoid bone as well as the
early stage of ossification
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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