1,721,301 research outputs found
How do religious and other ideological minorities respond to uncertainties?
Full text linkThere are many competing and complementary applications of ideas of uncertainty and in this chapter we outline these as well as showing how the key themes arising across the chapters interlink and provide a picture of the impacts of uncertainty on fringe ideological movements. The chapter compares and contrasts themes from the chapters focusing on religious groups with those on secular groups, demonstrating both the similarities in issues and responses as well as what can be seen to be unique about religious responses to uncertainty. It also highlights how uncertainty can be variously conceived, both in the theoretical study and experience of these groups, in the shape of external threats, such as legal pressures, and internal change, such as theological innovation, or the death of a founder. While each of the chapters that follow will stand on their own merits, this chapter both guides the reader through how they contribute to a cohesive whole, while also serving as an introductory guide to the problem of uncertainty as an everyday experience for individuals and groups, with a particular focus on minority religions
'Where people are' : language and community in the poetry of W.S. Graham
No full textW.S. Graham (1918-1986) is increasingly widely acknowledged as an important poet. Nevertheless, the critical debate about his work has so far been limited both in quantity and in scope; the one major study, like other considerations of Graham, is largely concerned with establishing his status. It is time to put aside the issue of evaluation and to concentrate instead on the thematic questions raised by the poems themselves.This study identifies two principal themes in Graham's writing: language and community. The poems explore their own textuality and put forward a view of language as reified and autonomous. This matters because for Graham writing must always justify itself in terms of a model of community based on his Clydeside childhood, and his belief in textual autonomy makes any such justification deeply problematic. His ideals of text as a sphere of total control and community as one of total love are not only opposed, but also mythical; neither goal is attainable, but Graham seeks both. He thus hopes to assuage his guilt at rejecting his home and family for a literary career without giving up the sense of control which attracted him to poetry in the first place. He tries to achieve this by means of a complex and unstable metaphor which treats language as an alternative form of community, simultaneously transcendent and inadequate, exceeding it in authority but lacking its human comforts.In Chapters 1 and 2 I outline and critique Graham's models of language and community respectively. Chapters 3 to 5 examine the published poems from the three phases of his career: the early work is a celebration of textual autonomy, the poems of the middle period attempt to capture in words the flux of the lifeworld, while the late poems seek to demonstrate the impossibility of communication. Finally in Chapter 6 I analyse some unpublished writings and show that their resistance to closure and dalliance with automatism are further attempts to resolve this dilemma. Here as elsewhere his brilliant rhetoric and often deep insight into aspects of language are products of a quest for a mythical linguistic community, 'where the people are'</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Genetic modulators of the phenotype in the long QT syndrome: state of the art and clinical impact
No full textLong QT syndrome (LQTS) is one the best characterized disorders among all inherited arrhythmogenic syndromes. A multi-parametric risk stratification scheme, which includes clinical variables (QTc, gender) and the main LQTS genotypes, was defined in the early 2000s and is currently used in clinical practice. However, the evidence of a marked phenotypic variability, even in the presence of the same genetic mutation has puzzled many investigators since the discovery of LQTS genes. Practically, variable expression in LQTS often limits the predictive accuracy of risk stratification markers. Therefore, in a subset of cases, the identification of subjects at a high risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden death is difficult. The discovery of common genetic variants that explain the heritable components of the human electrocardiogram, including QT interval, generated the hypothesis that genetic modifiers may account for phenotypical variability in LQTS. Despite the fact that multiple SNPs have been linked to QT interval duration, clinical applications of any findings are limited by the small effect sizes conferred by single SNPs and incomplete knowledge on their functional consequences. Nevertheless, the possibility of introducing SNP genotyping in risk stratification schemes to improve patient-specificity is an attractive goal. Here we review the currently available evidence and future perspectives for the inclusion of genetic modifiers in the clinical management of LQTS
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