1,721,024 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An algorithm to improve outcomes of radial forearm flap donor site
No full textBackground: Due to the high rate of donor site complications the Radial Forearm Flap (RFF) has lost ground in favor of the Antero-lateral tight flap (ALT) and other flaps. We have designed a reconstruction algorithm for reconstruction of its donor site. The goal of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the impact of this algorithm on RFF donor site compli- cation rates.
Methods: The authors analyzed retrospectively 31 patients who underwent free radial fore- arm flap reconstruction between November 2009 and May 2013. Donor site complications were compared with data from patients treated before introdutction of the algorithm. Within the group were compared patients in which the flap was harvested suprafascial with those in which the flap was harvested as subfascial.
Results: Before application of the algorithm, there was a 23.3% complication rate at the RFF donor site, in our experience. After introduction of the algorithm, complication rate has dropped to 3.2%, consisting in a partial skin graft necrosis treated by local wound-care and healed without further intervention.
Conclusions: Application of the algorithm described has led to a significant reduction in RFF donor site complication rates. This demonstrates that if flap donor sites are analyzed and tai- lor treated in the same way as primary defects are, instead of being given secondary import- ance and just grafted, outcomes improve
Systematic review on spheroids from adipose‐derived stem cells: Spontaneous or artefact state?
Full text linkThree‐dimensional (3D) cell cultures represent the spontaneous state of stem cells
with specific gene and protein molecular expression that are more alike the in vivo
condition. In vitro two‐dimensional (2D) cell adhesion cultures are still commonly
employed for various cellular studies such as movement, proliferation and
differentiation phenomena; this procedure is standardized and amply used in
laboratories, however their representing the original tissue has recently been subject
to questioning. Cell cultures in 2D require a support/substrate (flasks, multiwells,
etc.) and use of fetal bovine serum as an adjuvant that stimulates adhesion that most
likely leads to cellular aging. A 3D environment stimulates cells to grow in suspended
aggregates that are defined as “spheroids.” In particular, adipose stem cells (ASCs)
are traditionally observed in adhesion conditions, but a recent and vast literature
offers many strategies that obtain 3D cell spheroids. These cells seem to possess a
greater ability in maintaining their stemness and differentiate towards all
mesenchymal lineages, as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies compared
to adhesion cultures. To date, standardized procedures that form ASC spheroids
have not yet been established. This systematic review carries out an in‐depth
analysis of the 76 articles produced over the past 10 years and discusses the
similarities and differences in materials, techniques, and purposes to standardize the
methods aimed at obtaining ASC spheroids as already described for 2D cultures
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Analysis of MSCs' secretome and EVs cargo: Evaluation of functions and applications
No full textMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can exert different functions and can be used in several medical fields. In the last
years, MSC properties have been attributed to their secreted factors such as soluble proteins, cytokines and
growth factors. Moreover, a key role is played by the extracellular vesicles (EVs) which lead a heterogeneous
cargo of proteins, lipids and small and long non-coding RNAs that interfere with the pathways of the recipient
cells. Due to the safeness and easiness in obtaining the secretome, its use is becoming a turning point for the
application in physiological and pathological fields. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the use of
MSCs secretome, focusing on some physiological (angiogenesis and osteogenesis) and pathological (cancer,
cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases) applications. The secreted analyzed factors are listed in a table. In
addition, the different characteristics of the fetal MSCs derived secretome and the differences in the secretome
composition of three-dimensionally (3D) cultured cells are discussed. As very innovative aspects, recent studies
on some applications of engineered vesicles, embedded or not in three-dimensional structures, are treated and
the influence of some epigenetic modifications on cells and EVs is investigated
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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