1,721,008 research outputs found
ESISTE UN LUOGO COMUNE PER IL DIVERSO? Due approcci diversi nel trattare la malattia mentale: l’ospedale psichiatrico di San Giacomo di Tomba e quello di Agrigento
No full textNel 1904,1 per la prima volta in Italia, il Governo iniziò a prendere in considerazione l’ultimo dei malati: quello psichiatrico, mettendo in relazione la società del Regno e il mondo della psichiatria. Con il Decreto Regio n. 615 del 15 agosto 1909, che segue la Legge n. 36 del 14 febbraio 1904, vengono definiti i luoghi relativi alla cura degli alienati, in quanto la natura delle patologie mentali e l’estrazione sociale dei malati potevano definire diversi livelli di pericolosità da controllare
La necropoli di età romana in contrada Pianotta di Calatabiano (Catania)
No full textThe data presented in this contribution relate to the archaeological and topographical research conducted
in the Pianotta locality (Calatabiano), directed by the Catania Superintendency in collaboration with the University of
Catania. Despite the intense anthropization that occurred in the second half of the 20th century, numerous Roman
sites have been identified during the archaeological research conducted by the BB.CC.AA. Superintendence of Catania
in the territory between the municipalities of Fiumefreddo and Calatabiano. The territory is characterised by the
contrast between the low sandy coastline that runs from Riposto to Marina di Cottone (Calatabiano) and the rugged
heights overlooking the sea north of the mouth of the Alcantara river, over which Taormina dominates. Thanks to the
abundance of water and the fertile nature of the plain extending inland, this territory was ideal for intensive exploitation
for agricultural purposes: included in the chora of Naxos in the Greek period, the area between the mouths of the
Fiumefreddo and the Alcantara was probably an integral part of the territory of Tauromenion, whose rural landscape
was organised along the axis connecting Messina to Syracuse, the Via Pompeia. The route of the Roman road crossed
the Alcantara river by means of a bridge, of which only the remains of the arches survive in the territory of Calatabiano,
a short distance from the Pianotta site (km 2.69). Already during the excavations conducted by P. Pelagatti and later
in the 1990s in the area north of the mouth of the Fiumefreddo stream, structures related to the thermal nucleus of a
domus dating from the Imperial Roman period had emerged. Based on the conducted research, the villa was probably
built between the 2nd and 3rd century AD, as suggested by the pottery, glass and fragments of plaster decorated with
floral motifs; the stratigraphic data dated the final abandonment of the investigated area of the villa to the 5th century
AD. At the time of the resumption of investigations at the Pianotta site (2014-2015), the opening of surveys 1 and
2 revealed two strips of a Roman necropolis of monumental character, whose tombs are aligned and oriented along
a north-south axis. The palaeopathological analyses on the osteological remains found during the excavation of the
Pianotta di Calatabiano necropolis brought to light a number of significant elements for understanding the state of
health and diseases present in this provincial context of the Roman era. A section is devoted to the monetary findings
from the necropolis
Bifid ribs in ancient human populations: a systematic reassessment
Full text linkBifi d ribs (also known as “bifurcated ribs”) are a
rare congenital anomaly that accounts for ca. 28% of
described rib abnormalities. Th eir presence in modern
populations has been reported in both anatomical and
radiological studies, but this anomaly’s antiquity has
never been subjected to a systematic assessment, it oft en
being merely mentioned anecdotally.
Th e present study consists of two parts:
a. a morphological and radiological examination
of cases from 3 diff erent sites, each one distant no more
than 1.5 km from one another and all of them located
around the city of Brześć Kujawski, north-central
Poland, in the historical land of Kujawy. Th e three populations
date back to the Neolithic (4600-4000 BCE), the
Middle Ages (12th-16th centuries CE), the Modern Era
(15th-19th centuries CE). All analyzed skeletal series came
from the collections of the Department of Anthropology,
University of Łódź and the Museum of Archaeology and
Ethnography in Łódź. Th e possession and the analysis of
the samples were in accordance with the legal status of
archeological human remains in Poland.
b. a comprehensive reassessment of the published
literature based not only on traditional biomedical databases
(Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, etc.) but also
archeological monographs and posters.
Th e frequency of bifi d rib in the studied populations
is 0.4% (3/752 individuals). Th e lesions were found in
typical ribs: the fourth left rib of a male from the Neolithic population, the fifth right rib of an individual of unknown sex from the medieval population and two
right ribs (the third and the fourth) of a male from the Early Modern series. Th eir appearance differs from a barely visible dichotomy with poorly marked independent surfaces on sternal end of rib, to a clear division (approx. 3 cm) with asymmetry in the size of each bifurcated part. Finally, the presentation offers a comprehensive geographical distribution of this anomaly and practical suggestions on how to avoid misinterpreting it in the anthropological record
REPRESENTATION OF SPINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN A PTOLEMAIC DWARF STATUETTE
No full textStill today, tuberculosis (TB) represents one of the world's deadliest communicable diseases, hence understanding its history is of vital importance. The principal causative organism is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an obligate pathogen member of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Palaeopathological findings suggestive of tuberculosis from Predynastic Egypt have been reported. As a matter of fact, tuberculosis has long been recognized in Egyptian mummies in its most characteristic skeletal form, Pott's disease. In this essay, we describe a statuette of a dwarf exhibited in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples (MANN) as a potential ancient representation of Pott's disease. According to so far published data, spinal tuberculosis can be identified by studying the morphology and shape of the gibbus, since an angulate gibbus often points out to Pott's disease. We additionally offer differential diagnoses and a full contextualization of Pott's disease in the days of Ancient Egypt
La critique d’art à Pérouse entre la fin du xviiie siècle et le premier quart du xixe
No full textLa seconde moitié du xviiie siècle est marquée à Pérouse par un fort regain d’intérêt pour les études et les publications d’histoire de l’art. Une édition nouvelle, mise à jour par les soins de Cesare Orlandi, de l’Iconologie de Cesare Ripa est publiée entre 1764 et 1767 ; elle est rapidement suivie par des opuscules monographiques consacrés par le bolonais Francesco Maria Galassi aux églises de Saint-Pierre (1774) et de Saint-Laurent (1776), comme par la description de l’église de Saint-Domi..
The ossuary of the Teutonic monastery of San Leonardo di Siponto in Manfredonia (Puglia, Southern Italy): anthropological and palaeopathological data for the reconstruction of the monastic community
No full textThis study presents the results of the archaeological and anthropological study of the human remains recovered from the ossuary of the Teutonic Abbey of San Leonardo di Siponto in Manfredonia (Puglia, Southern Italy).
The abbey, located along the pilgrim road that led to the sanctuary of Saint Michael the Archangel in Monte Sant'Angelo and to the port of Siponto to embark for the Holy Land, was an important religious and medical centre during the Middle Ages. From 1260 onwards, it was held by the Teutonic Knights of St Mary's hospital in Jerusalem. As part of an ongoing recovery and display project in the area, an archaeological excavation was undertaken in different parts of the complex, especially around the church, renowned for its Romanesque portal and the frescoes depicting the emblems of the religious chivalric order. In addition to the external cemetery intended for common burials (including two cases caused by the Black Death), within the church, a rectangular structure was discovered in the left-hand aisle. It consisted of an underground chamber of bell-shaped section, to accommodate the disarticulated skeletal remains of 12 individuals. These remains were randomly arranged, a situation that may also have been a result of episodes of water rising and infiltrating through the rock. The bones belong to adult males, potentially clerics from the Abbey, and were originally accompanied by clothing and devotional items. The bodies were affected by several pathologies, offering new insight into the lifestyle anc health of the monastic community, for which our knowledge has until now mainly been restricted to historical, religious and architectural information, derived from the available documentary sources
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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