1,721,004 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Arthroscopic Treatment of Ankle Anterior Bony Impingement The Long-term Clinical Outcome
No full textBackground: Arthroscopic treatment of anterior ankle bony impingement provides good results, with a tendency to decrease over time. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting long-term results. Methods: Eighty consecutive patients with a mean age of 37.3 years were treated between 2000 and 2004. Impingement lesions were identified according to Scranton-McDermott classification. Preoperative ankle osteoarthritis was documented by van Dijk scale upon the x-rays. Bone spurs were analyzed and classified according to location and size. The associated chondral lesions were classified following the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) criteria. Patient data, foot morphology, and previous traumas were recorded. Patients were evaluated after a mean of 104.6 months follow-up with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale. The influence of different factors on outcomes was statistically analyzed. Results: The mean preoperative AOFAS score was 50.9, while at follow-up it was 70.7 (P < .05). The different grades of Scranton-McDermott impingement classification did not affect the results, but the different grades of van Dijk scale significantly affected the result but not the preoperative stage. Tibial localized spurs had better outcome at follow-up. The grade of the chondral lesions significantly affected the outcome. Other factors negatively affecting the results were age, cavus foot morphology, and history of previous ankle fracture. Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment provides overall good results, but the long-term presence of associated conditions such as chondral lesions, advanced age, and previous trauma are relevant as prognostic factors. Based on these results, a new classification for bony impingement syndrome system is proposed
How to Treat Cartilage Injuries in the Ankle Joint by BMDC' s Transplantation
No full textOsteochondral lesions of the ankle joint are defects of the cartilaginous surface and underlying subchondral bone, typically affecting the talus, most frequently traumatic in origin.
Osteochondral lesions are often asymptomatic and may be treated conservatively, taking care to follow the patient over time. Bigger lesions, or higher grade lesions, especially in adult patients, are usually painful and hardly respond to a conservative treatment. So(( that,)) surgical treatment is frequently indicated.
Thanks to technical advancements, regenerative techniques are quickly moving from traditional periostium based autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) to bone marrow derived cell transplantation (BMDCT).
The introduction of a biodegradable scaffold based on the benzylic ester of hyaluronic acid for cell support and proliferation represented a first advancement toward a full arthroscopic procedure and significatively decreased the morbidity of ACI procedure in the ankle joint. Still two surgeries were required.
Recently, BMDCT has been proposed as a technique capable to provide a repair of the lesion by hyaline cartilage in a one step procedure. Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondroblasts. The rationale of the “one-step technique” is to transplant the entire bone-marrow cellular pool instead of isolated and expanded mesenchymal stem cells. This allows cells to be processed directly in the operating room, without the need for a laboratory phase, and BMDCT to be performed in “one step”.
With a dedicated kit a total amount of about 60 ml of bone marrow aspirate is harvested from the posterior iliac crest, with the patient in prone decubitus. A scaffold and the instrumentation previously used for ACI are then used for an entirely arthroscopic implantation. Autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is added in order to provide a supplement of growth factors.
The results of this procedure have been confirmed by biopsies and T2 mapping MRI and are clinically encouraging at mid-term.
Evolution in surgical technique, new biomaterials and more recently the use of BMDCs permitted a marked reduction in procedure morbidity and costs up to a “one step” technique able to overcome the drawbacks of previous repair techniques. The stability of the results needs to be followed long term
Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus in athletes: what is the evidence?
Full text linkPurpose: ankle injuries make up 15% of all sports injuries and osteochondral lesions of the talus (oLts) are an increasingly frequent problem in active patients. There exist no widely shared guidelines on oLt treatment in the athletic population. The aim of this paper is to review all the existing literature evidence on the surgical treatment of oLts in athletes, in order to determine the current state of the art in this specific population, underlining both the limits and the potential of the strategies used. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed focusing on the different types of surgical treatment used for oLts in athletes. The screening process and analysis were performed separately by two independent researchers. The inclusion criteria for relevant articles were: clinical reports of any level of evidence, written in English, with no time limitation, or clinical reports describing the treatment of oLts in the athletic population. Results: with the consensus of the two observers, relevant data were then extracted and collected in a single database to be analyzed for the purposes of the present manuscript. At the end of the process, 16 papers met the selection criteria. these papers report a total of 642 athletic patients with oCts. Conclusions: the ideal treatment for cartilage lesions in athletes is a controversial topic, due to the need for an early return to sports, especially in elite players; this need leads to extensive use of microfractures in this population, despite the poor quality of repair associated with this technique. none of the surgical strategies described in this paper seems to be superior to the others. Level of evidence: Systematic review of level IV studies, level IV
- …
