1,720,977 research outputs found
porA specific primers for the identification of Campylobacter species in food and clinical samples.
No full textCampylobacteriosis is a public health problem with considerable socio-economic impact. As the European Food Safety Authority has emphasized the importance of a surveillance programme for campylobacteriosis, the aim of the present study was the optimization of a specific and sensitive PCR protocol able to detect Campylobacter species responsible for gastrointestinal infections. Raw poultry meat samples were analysed for the presence of Campylobacter sp., by plating onto mCCD (Modified Charcoal-Cefoperazone-Deoxycholate) Agar and Campylobacter Selective Preston Agar and using four sets of species-specific primers for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter upsaliensis and Campylobacter lari designed to bridge the porA gene. The resulting primers demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.01ng/μl for the C.coli-specific, C.lari-specific, and C.upsaliensis-specific primer sets and 0.5ng/μl for the C.jejuni-specific primer sets using DNA from pure cultures. Non-specific amplification of non-target DNA was not observed indicating excellent specificity. The primers were useful for the analyses of poultry meat samples both for direct plating onto mCCDA, and for DNA extracted directly from the cells grown for 48h in Preston enrichment broth. The sets of primers were also useful when used for species identification of human isolates
Utilization of specific DNA-probes for the rapid detection of Campylobacter spp. in meat by using an OLED-based reader
No full textThe European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
(ECDC) report campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis in 2012. The proportion of
Campylobacter-positive broiler meat confirms broiler meat as a source of human Campylobacter
infections. High cost to public health systems due to high rate hospitalization surveillance can be reduced
by decreasing the number of outbreaks. Rapid tools are needed, cheap systems could allow a high
number of samples to be subjected to safety evaluation. Methodologies based on the ISO 10272-1B:
2006 require long time to grow microorganisms leading to the distribution of contaminated food before
the obtainement of the results. Molecular biology techniques have greatly improved the reduction the
time required, but the utilization of DNA-probe biosensors could be the best solution. Targeting a specific
DNA sequence in the 16S rDNA it was possible to design a couple of DNA probes to use for the specific
detection of Campylobacter spp.. High specificity and high sensitivity have been obtained coupling the
use of two DNA probes with an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) reader for analyzing poultry samples
from the market. The detection probe labelled with a fluorophore was detected by an OLED reader and
reached a sensitivity of 0.37 ng/L DNA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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