1,720,972 research outputs found
Resilience of the Urban Drainage System in Brescia (Northern Italy) to Climate Change: A Preliminary Analysis
No full textChanges in weather types and features caused by climate change in Northern Italy might lead to more frequent hydrometeorological events, besides urban floods and droughts. Namely, climate change is expected to alter the magnitude and frequency of extreme meteorological events forcing the urban drainage infrastructure. Future changes in rainfall intensity will then require higher performances of the hydraulic infrastructure. In fact, without an upgrade of the sewerage more frequent urban flooding and surcharging of waterways will occur. In recent years it clearly emerged that the "conventional" solutions, as the collection of rainwater through road drains and its delivery into the sewer system, are not adequate to handle the problem. First of all, they are not robust solutions, since they are sized for the extreme events expected in the future and can therefore discharge very high flow rates into the waterways and increase the downstream hydraulic risk. Secondly, because most of the Italian urban sewerage system is combined, so the pipes collect both wastewater and stormwater and during heavy storm discharge through the spillways most of the flow directly into the water bodies, bringing a significant polluting load. Accounting for climate change requires a radical change in the approach used to plan and design drainage infrastructure. This should foster development features and sustainable urban drainage systems that provide multiple benefits, such as surface runoff reduction, water quality improvement, rainwater collection and reuse, as well as mitigation of the urban heat island effect. In this perspective, sustainable urban drainage represents a useful and necessary solution to reduce the impact of climate change effects especially in highly urbanized areas. In this study, a preliminary analysis was carried out for the Brescia case study, an Italian city that is developing a strategy to adapt to climate change. A multi criteria scenario analysis was used to generate and evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable adaptation strategies under the deep uncertainties due to climate change. In addition, different solutions were investigated to find those which better fit the specific urban context of the city, where free space is seldom available
Using high-resolution bedload transport tracer measurements to investigate the characteristics of bedload transport over a large urban flood event
No full textChannel morphological change is often evaluated by employing
sediment transport models since field data during high magnitude low
frequency events is rarely available. However, sediment transport rate
estimates are heuristic at best to within 1 – 3 orders of magnitude. Mimico
Creek is an urban gravel-bed channel in Southern Ontario, Canada that has
undergone intensive event-based sediment transport sampling and interevent
bed material particle tracking over a three-year period. A HEC-RAS
model was developed of the study reach and calibrated to a series of
discharge events where in-situ bedload sampling occurred. Both step-wise
discharge and unsteady flow simulations were evaluated to compare
sediment transport rates for a range of transport models which included the
Meyer-Peter Müller and the Wilcock-Crowe. Calibration curves were
developed to estimate sediment discharge in Mimico Creek. The results of
the calibrated model were used to calculate the mean travel distance of bed
material using the expression for the volumetric rate of bed material
transport. Results from the modelling exercise found mean travel distances
were similar and in some cases larger than those observed from field
measurements, considering both mobile and immobile particles
Gestione, controllo e consumo sostenibile della risorsa idrica nel clima che cambia: un nuovo sportello della scienza
No full textSustainable management, control and consumption of water resources in a changing climate: a new science shop at UNIBS
No full textVERIFICA DEL FUNZIONAMENTO IDRAULICO E DEL RISCHIO RESIDUO IN CANALI IRRIGUI NELLA PIANURA MANTOVANA
No full textSustainable water resources managment, control and consumption in a changing climate: participatory research initiatives in Brescia
No full textAiming at closing the gap between the academy and the civil society, participatory research initiatives set the favorable framework for public engagement and awareness raising on environmental issues. Local communities and stakeholders can play an active role in the research process, also by sharing their experience and field knowledge. The academy can benefit from this approach collecting data and information for the validation of theories, models and methodologies.
A Science Shop (www.watshop.it) focusing on 'Sustainable water resources management, control and consumption in a changing climate' is running at University of Brescia since 2019. A few projects have already started, showing the potentials of this approach to promote active engagement and knowledge sharing. Addressed topics span from water consumption and water availability for water supply systems to sustainable urban drainage to mitigate the hydraulic risk. New methodologies aiming at evaluating the socio-economic impact of non-structural measures are also investigated.
From one hand recent European directives require participatory processes in the management of water systems, on the other hand environmental sustainability is being addressed by an increasing number of citizens' associations willing to act in line with the SDGs. Moreover national and international networks of participatory research initiatives can provide a continuous and very precious support through their case study and best practices collection. The WatShop experience is presented here, outlining its potentials and limits and promoting further international cooperation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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