196,178 research outputs found
Effect of dietary soluble fibre level and protein source on growth, digestion, caecal activity and health of fattening rabbits
No full text[EN] From weaning (34 d of age) until slaughter (76 d), 216 hybrid rabbits were divided into six experimental groups and fed ad libitum six iso-protein (CP: 15.9% as-fed), iso-starch (9.1%) and iso-ADF (21.4%) diets formulated in a bi-factorial arrangement, with three soluble fibre levels (LS: 5.8% vs. MS: 7.4% vs. HS: 8.5%) and two protein sources (Soy: soybean meal vs. Sun: sunflower meal). The increase in dietary soluble fibre level linearly increased (PL<0.001) in vivo digestibility of dry matter (from 55.4 to 61.3%), gross energy and fibre fractions (from 14.8 to 25.7% for acid detergent fibre; from 40.3 to 49.2% for insoluble hemicelluloses; from 85.0 to 93.9% for soluble fibre). Replacing soybean with sunflower meal tended to decrease crude protein digestibility (73.1 vs. 72.6%, P=0.058) and reduced acid detergent fibre digestibility (22.0 vs. 18.4%, P<0.001), while improving ether extract digestibility (69.3 vs. 70.8, P<0.001). The nutritive values of the experimental diets increased with soluble fibre level (digestible energy from 9.0 to 9.9 MJ/kg) regardless of the protein source. Intestinal mucosa traits at 56 d of age were not affected, while caecal pH linearly decreased (from 6.19 to 5.97; PL=0.017) with increasing dietary soluble fibre. During the trial, health problems were moderate (mortality 3.4% and morbidity 15.6%) and not affected by feeding treatments. With increasing soluble fibre level, rabbit daily weight gain and final live weight linearly increased (PL=0.045) and feed conversion improved (from 3.55 to 3.30, PL<0.001). Protein source did not affect intestinal traits or growth performance. Slaughter results and meat quality were unaffected by feeding treatments.The present study was funded by MIUR (PRIN 2005 – Prot. 2005070702). The authors wish to thank Dr. Andrea Zuffellato (Veronesi Verona S.p.A.) for his technical assistance during the trial.Trocino, A.; Fragkiadakis, M.; Radaelli, G.; Xiccato, G. (2010). Effect of dietary soluble fibre level and protein source on growth, digestion, caecal activity and health of fattening rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 18(4):199-210. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2010.77919921018
Digestible fibre to ADF ratio and protein concentration in diets for early-weaned rabbits
No full textTo evaluate the effects of three ratios of digestible fibre (DF = hemicelluloses and pectins) to ADF (1.1, 1.3 and 1.5) and two levels of crude protein (CP, 16% and 17%) on digestive efficiency, growth performance, health status, and meat quality, from early-weaning (26 d of age) to slaughter (74 d) 246 rabbits were given ad libitum access to six diets according to a 3x2 factorial arrangement. Increasing DF/ADF linearly increased DM, fibre fraction and energy (59.9 vs. 62.3 vs. 65.9%, P<0.01) digestibility and daily weight gain (42.4 vs. 43.2 vs. 45.2 g/d; P=0.02) and improved feed conversion (P<0.01), without affecting slaughter results, carcass and meat quality. Total caecal VFA concentration increased (51.3 vs. 66.9 and 66.0 mmol/l; P<0.01) as DF/ADF raised from 1.1 to 1.3 and 1.5. Increasing dietary protein improved DM and nutrient digestibility and feed conversion (P<0.01), as well as slaughter dressing percentage (61.2 vs 61.8%, P=0.03). Dietary protein concentration did not modify caecal content characteristics or carcass and meat quality. A higher mortality (P=0.05) was measured in rabbits fed diets at 1.1 DF/ADF (27.1%) in comparison with rabbits fed diets at 1.3 (14.3%) and 1.5 (17.1%). However, feeding the highest DF/ADF diets, mortality raised up to 23.9% with the 16% CP diet, while was only 11.4% with the 17% CP diet
Como la densidad y el tipo de suelo influyen en los rendimientos productivos y el bienestar de conejos de engorde en jaulas colectivas
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing stocking density (14, 16, 18 and 20 rabbits/m2) and type of floor (wire net vs slatted floor) on productive performance, animal reactivity, carcass and meat quality of 380 rabbits weaned at 28 d of age (live weight: 640 ± 48 g) and put in collective cages by 9 or 10. Increasing stocking density at 18 and, specially, 20 animals/m2 significantly reduceddaily weight gain, feed intake and final live weight. The effect of stocking density on slaughter traits mainly depended on the differences in final live weight among groups, while carcass and meat quality was not affected. During the tonic immobility test, rabbits reared at the highest density required more attempts to induce tonic immobility and remained immobile for a longer time (P<0.01). During the
open-field test, the same animals moved less (P=0.02) and run more (P<0.01). Keeping the rabbits on a slat floor increased daily weight gain (P=0.07), final live weight (P=0.07) and feed intake (P<0.01) in comparison with wire net floor, while did not modify slaughter trait and carcass and meat quality. The attempts to induce immobility were less (P<0.01) and biting during the test the open-field higher in rabbits kept on slat floor. In conclusion, increasing stocking density above 18 rabbits/m2 impaired
productive performance, especially in the last two weeks of growing as a consequence of a reduced feed intake, and modified animal reactivity towards man or a new environment. The type of floor showed a weak effect on productive performance and reactivity, whereas a slatted floor was likely
more comfortable for the heavier animals in the last weeks of fattening period
Effect of the increase of dietary starch and soluble fibre on digestive efficiency and growth performance of meat rabbits
No full textEffect of increasing dietary starch and soluble fibre on performance and digestive efficiency was studied in 246 cross-bred rabbits from weaning (34 d of age) to slaughtering (75 d). A 3×2 factorial arrangement (i.e. three levels of starch: 60, 103, and 147 g/kg diet; two levels of soluble fibre: 100 and 138 g/kg diet) was used. The rabbits were assigned to six groups and fed the six diets ad libitum. When dietary starch was increased, the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of dry matter (on average, 0.547–0.629) and all nutrients linearly increased (P<0.001), but the CTTAD of soluble fibre did not vary. Weight gain, digestible energy intake, and feed conversion ratio linearly (P<0.01) improved (6.4%, 5.7% and 11.1%, respectively), and feed intake decreased (5.6%). In the caecum, ammonia-N production linearly decreased (7.21–4.93 mmol/L; P=0.01), acetate proportion tended to increase (84.2–85.8 mmol/100mmol volatile fatty acids, VFA; P=0.06), and propionate value decreased (4.00–3.33 mmol/100mmol VFA; P<0.01). As the starch level increased, the CTTAD of NDF and hemicelluloses improved slightly in the diets with 100 g/kg soluble fibre, while at a higher rate in the diets with 138 g/kg soluble fibre (significant interaction, P<0.01). The increase of dietary starch linearly increased slaughter weight (SW) and carcass weight; the proportion of the gastrointestinal tract linearly decreased (196–182 g/kg SW; P<0.001) and the dressing percentage increased (59.3–60.8% SW, P<0.001), as well as dissectible fat (P=0.03). The increase of dietary soluble fibre improved (P<0.001) the CTTAD of dry matter (0.540–0.639) and all nutrients, but the CTTAD of crude protein was not affected; it stimulated daily growth (5.3%; P=0.05) and reduced (P<0.001) feed intake (12.4%) and feed conversion ratio (15.0%). In the caecum, pH decreased (5.88–5.70; P=0.02), total VFA concentration tended to increase (73.8–82.8 mmol/L; P=0.10), and valerate concentration decreased (0.43–0.35 mmol/100mmol VFA; P=0.01). Slaughter weight and reference carcass weight increased (0.03<P<0.07); the gastro-intestinal tract proportion tended to increase (185–190 g/kg SW; P=0.06) without affecting dressing percentage or carcass composition. In conclusion, the use of soluble fibre is recommended in association with (rather than in replacement of) starch to increase the energy value of diets and improve overall farm-feed efficiency and carcass quality
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
A research and development investment strategy to achieve the Paris climate agreement
No full textClimate stabilization requires the deployment of several low-carbon options, some of which are still not available at large scale or are too costly. Governments will have to make important decisions on how to incentivize Research and Development (R&D). Yet, current assessments of climate neutrality typically do not include research-driven innovation. Here, we link two integrated assessment models to study R&D investment pathways consistent with climate stabilization and suggest a consistent financing scheme. We focus on five low-carbon technologies and on energy efficiency measures. We find that timely R&D investment in these technologies lowers mitigation costs and induces positive employment effects. Achieving 2 °C (1.5 °C) requires a global 18% (64%) increase in cumulative low-carbon R&D investment relative to the reference scenario by mid-century. We show that carbon revenues are sufficient to both finance the additional R&D investment requirements and generate economic benefits by reducing distortionary taxation, such as payroll taxes, thus enhancing job creation
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
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