1,721,286 research outputs found
Treatment of feline hyperthyroidism
No full textFeline hyperthyroidism is a life-threatening disease requiringprompt veterinary treatment. After the diagnosis, it is mandatory to choose the appropriate treatment. There are several options for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism: radioactive iodine, surgical thyroidectomy, use of antithyroid drugs and dietary therapy using an iodine-restricted food. The choice of therapy is based on the clinical conditions of the cat, treatment costs and the presence or specialised centres for the treatment with radioactive iodine. The goal of the therapy is to restore euthyroidism, avoid hypothyroidism and minimise side effects of the treatment
Il diabete mellito nel cane: Terapia e monitoraggio
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases in the dog. After diagnosis, it is necessary to start an insulin treatment and an appropriate dietetic management, in order to control blood glucose levels and consequently the clinical signs. The insulin requirements are affected by several factors. It is recommended to start insulin therapy with a low dose that has to be subsequently gradually increased on the basis of frequent re-evaluations. In the present review we illustrate the main therapeutic aspects and monitoring methods of canine diabetes mellitus
Glucocorticoid therapy in dogs and cats
No full textGlucocorticoids are among the most frequently used drugs in veterinary meditine. They can exert a wide range of biological effects after binding with specific receptors widely distributed throughout the body. The effects of glucocorticoids are dose-dependent, and they are classified according to their potency in relation to the potency of Cortisol and the duration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression. Glucocorticoids are used to reduce the processes that are activated in response to a disease. The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive doses are variable in dogs and cats, due to a lower sensitivity to glucocorticoids in the feline species. Adverse effects are common with glucocorticoid therapy, in particular if the protocol includes high doses and/ or long-term application. Tapering of the glucocorticoid dose should always be done if the therapeutic protocols was longer than or equal to two weeks, or if high doses have been used
Medicina Interna del cane e del gatto
No full textSiamo onorati di aver portato a termine la curatela del famosissimo “Nelson-Couto”, un testo importante e prezioso, fondamento della medicina interna del cane e del gatto.
Questa quinta edizione si basa sulla quarta dove già uno di noi aveva operato come curatore a dimostrazione della continuità nella presentazione dei testi anglosassoni a elevato valore scientifico e formativo nel panorama editoriale in lingua italiana. In questa nuova edizione sono stati apportati numerosi aggiornamenti che riguardano primariamente le procedure diagnostiche e terapeutiche di pertinenza internistica.
La traccia e l’impostazione dei vari capitoli sostanzialmente non è cambiata, sono tuttavia migliorate in modo significativo le modalità grafiche che risultano particolarmente accattivanti, rendendo ancor più fruibili e immediate le nuove conoscenze nell’ambito della medicina interna veterinaria.
Il lavoro di curatela dei capitoli dell’opera è stato diviso sulla base delle nostre specifiche competenze. I capitoli riguardanti l’ematologia, l’oncologia, le malattie infettive, le patologie autoimmuni, l’apparato cardiocircolatorio e respiratorio sono stati curati dal professor Lubas mentre il dottor Fracassi si è dedicato all’endocrinologia, all’apparato digerente, urinario, riproduttivo e alle patologie neuromuscolari.
La conoscenza diretta degli autori ci ha consentito un’interazione ottimale sui punti meno chiari derivanti dalla trasposizione in lingua italiana.
Al fine di rendere questa versione italiana massimamente utilizzabile per il clinico, si è deciso di indicare nei vari capitoli quali dei farmaci citati risultino in commercio in Italia, quali siano disponibili per uso veterinario, quali per uso umano e quali invece siano preparabili solo come prodotto galenico.
Vorremmo ringraziare i traduttori per l’ottimo lavoro svolto nel preparare questa quinta edizione e lo staff di Elsevier per l’estrema professionalità e disponibilità. Un grazie particolare alla dr.ssa Laura Zagnoli e alla dr.ssa Irene Speroni per l’aiuto nel lavoro di revisione e di curatela.
Questo testo è consigliato ai colleghi che desiderano avere delle informazioni chiare, lineari e aggiornate sulle patologie e procedure diagnostiche e terapeutiche ed è utile agli studenti o neolaureati che iniziano a confrontarsi con l’affascinante e stimolante mondo della medicina interna
Medical treatment and therapeutic monitoring options in dogs with Cushing's syndrome|Terapia medica e monitoraggio terapeutico della sindrome di Cushing nel cane
No full textLa differenziazione tra ipercortisolismo ipofisario e surrenalico è essenziale
per la scelta della ottimale strategia di trattamento terapeutico in corso
di sindrome di Cushing. Attualmente la terapia medica d’elezione per l’ipercortisolismo
è il trilostano, il quale permette il controllo della sintomatologia
clinica nella maggior parte dei casi senza, tuttavia, portare ad una risoluzione
della patologia. Ad oggi, la terapia con trilostano prevede principalmente
due possibili metodi di monitoraggio, il test di stimolazione con
ACTH e la misurazione della concentrazione del “cortisolo prepill” ciascuno
dei quali presenta vantaggi e svantaggi. L’obiettivo della presente review
è quello di approfondire le possibili opzioni terapeutiche ad oggi disponibili
e quelle ancora oggetto di studio per il trattamento medico dell’ipercortisolismo
spontaneo canino. Particolare attenzione verrà fornita alla terapia
e al monitoraggio terapeutico del trattamento con trilostano
Current interventional coronary applications of excimer laser
No full textExcimer laser utilization as an adjunctive device for percutaneous coronary
intervention has increased in the last few years. Many technical advancements
have led to better results in terms of efficacy and safety with a low
complication rate. In particular, excimer laser for thrombus-containing lesions
is able to achieve rapid thrombus removal and plaque debulking along with
subsequent facilitation of stent angioplasty and a low rate of microvascular
obstruction. Other indications for laser angioplasty embrace in-stent restenosis,
chronic total occlusions, saphenous vein graft lesions and new potential
applications, such as stent expansion optimization and bifurcation lesions. As
for other medical devices, however, excimer laser should be tested in future
randomized studies against current standard of therapy in order to better define
its role for each of the indications summarized abov
Angiogenesis and Microvascular Obstruction: Still a Research Topic or a New Therapeutic Target?
No full textA Multi Target and Multi Timing Strategy for the Management of Coronary Microvascular Obstruction
Full text linkST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by coronary microvascular obstruction (CMVO) is one of the major causes of death and of decrease of patient’s quality of life due to recurrent myocardial infarction and heart failure. High costs for health system are associated with death and recurrent hospitalization of STEMI patients. No single treatment against CMVO is currently considered effective to improve the clinical outcome so far of STEMI patients and their quality of life. This chapter will describe how different temporal windows may be used and integrated for treating CMVO starting from the pre-hospital to the coronary care unit phase
Recombinant human thyrotropin stimulation test in 114 dogs with suspected hypothyroidism: a cross‐sectional study
No full textObjective: To evaluate the performance and define cut-offs for the interpretation of a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation test with a recombinant human TSH dose of 75 μg/dog administered intravenously in dogs with suspected hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study. Medical records of dogs presented for suspected hypothyroidism were retrospectively reviewed. Animals were included if a TSH stimulation test with a recombinant human TSH dose of 75 μg/dog was performed and follow-up was available. Dogs with a post-TSH serum total thyroxine (T4) level of ≥2.2 μg/dL were considered euthyroid. Dogs with a post-TSH T4 level of <2.2 μg/dL were classified as hypothyroid or euthyroid based on follow-up, including response to levothyroxine supplementation. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to define the performance of the test. Results: One hundred and fourteen dogs were included. Forty were classified as hypothyroid and 74 as euthyroid. Post-TSH T4 cut-offs of 1.3 and 1.7 μg/dL showed sensitivities of 92.5 and 100% and specificities of 97.3 and 93.2%, respectively. Post-TSH T4 levels of >1.7 μg/dL had a negative predictive value of 100%. Post-TSH T4 levels of <1.3 μg/dL showed a positive predictive value of 94.9%. Area under the ROC curve for post-TSH T4 was 0.99. Clinical Significance: A TSH stimulation test performed with a recombinant human TSH dose of 75 μg/dog is highly reliable to discriminate between hypothyroid and euthyroid dogs, even in cases of concurrent non-thyroidal illness or administration of medications. A post-stimulation T4 concentration of >1.7 μg/dL is suggestive of normal thyroid function
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