1,721,119 research outputs found
La Sindrome di Cushing nel cane: Complessa la diagnosi, difficile la gestione terapeutica
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La chetoacidosi diabetica nel cane e nel gatto
Full text linkDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Despite the expanding knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of DKA and the application of new treatment techniques for the complications, it remains a challenging disorder to treat. It is, in part, due to the deleterious impact that diabetic ketoacidosis has on multiple organ system and the frequent occurrence of concurrent often serious disorders that are responsible for the high mortality rate. Nevertheless, with logical therapy adapted to the individual and careful monitoring of clinical and clinicopathological parameters, the rate of therapeutic goal is high
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Dogs and Cats: Application of New Technology to an Old Problem
No full text& BULL; Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMSs) emerged in 1999 as an innovative technology with the potential of revolutionizing diabetes management. Since then, several studies in human diabetology have shown their clinical benefits. & BULL; Nowadays, in small animal clinical practice, the Abbott FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring system is the most commonly used CGMS. It has adequate clinical accuracy both in dogs and cats, even if, in the hypoglycemic range, the accuracy is lower. & BULL; These systems provide detailed glucose profiles, allowing more accurate detection of nadir and hypoglycemic episodes as compared with the glucose profiles generated by a portable BG meter. They also allow detailed identification of the glycemic excursions occurring throughout the day as well as of glucose variations on consecutive days. This enables the clinician to make a more informed decision regarding the insulin dose, taking into account intra-day glycemic excursion and day-to-day variations in glycemic control
Transient myocardial thickening associated with acute myocardial injury and congestive heart failure in two Toxoplasma gondii-positive cats
Full text linkCASE SERIES SUMMARY: In this report, we provide detailed clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic descriptions of two Toxoplasma gondii-positive cats diagnosed with transient myocardial thickening (TMT) and acute myocardial injury (MI). In both cases, aetiological diagnosis was based on the antibody screening test (all cats had IgM titres ⩾1:64) and MI was demonstrated by a concomitant severe increase of the serum concentration of cardiac troponin I (5.1–23.6 ng/ml; upper hospital limit <0.2 ng/ml). In both cats, TMT and MI were aggravated by left atrial dilation and dysfunction, as well as congestive heart failure. In one cat, atrial standstill was also documented, while the other cat showed an intracardiac thrombus. Both cats underwent an extensive diagnostic work-up aimed at excluding additional comorbidities that could contribute to able to contribute to TMT and MI, and received appropriate antiprotozoal (ie, clindamycin) and cardiovascular therapy (eg, furosemide, pimobendan and clopidogrel). This was followed by a simultaneous decline in T gondii serology titres, normalisation of troponin level and the resolution of clinical, electrocardiographic, radiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities. In the light of these results, therapies were interrupted and subsequent controls ruled out any disease relapse. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: Although T gondii represents an often-cited cause of myocarditis in feline medicine, the existing literature on the demonstration of T gondii-associated cardiac compromise in cats is extremely limited. Accordingly, this report provides a useful contribution to pertinent scientific literature since it describes TMT and acute MI in two T gondii-positive cats
Feline Comorbidities: Clinical perspective on diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis
No full textPractical relevance: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common feline endocrine disorders. It has been shown by several studies that DM in cats frequently coexists with pancreatitis. Clinical challenges: It has not been definitively established what the exact pathogenetic association between DM and pancreatitis is in the cat. However, the association between these two conditions is most likely bidirectional, with DM predisposing cats to pancreatitis and vice versa. Diagnosis of pancreatitis in cats with DM is crucial because concurrent pancreatitis commonly leads to difficulties in the management of DM. When pancreatitis is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), therapeutic management is even more challenging. Aims: This review focuses on the concurrent presence of DM or DKA and pancreatitis in cats, mainly focusing on their clinical management. Evidence base: Information provided in this review is based on feline-specific clinical research when available. In addition, comparative and human research, as well as clinical experience, has been used to enrich knowledge in areas where feline-specific research is not yet available
Generalized vitiligo in a dog with primary hypoadrenocorticism
No full textBackground: Vitiligo is presumed to be an autoimmune disorder in the dog; primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) is associated with immune-mediated destruction of the adrenal cortex. Hypothesis/Objectives: In this case report we describe a dog with primary hypoadrenocorticism that developed generalized vitiligo. Case report: A 4-year-old spayed female cross-bred dog developed signs of Addison's disease and this was confirmed by biochemical testing; the dog was treated with fludrocortisone acetate and then desoxycorticosterone pivalate. Three months after the diagnosis, the dog developed depigmentation of the whole hair coat and of several focal areas of the skin. Histopathological findings were consistent with vitiligo. Conclusions and clinical importance: Dogs with immune-mediated disease may develop other manifestations of immune-mediated disease, including a combination of Addison's disease and vitiligo
Pituitary dwarfism, patent duct arteriosus and Cushing's syndrome in a dog
No full textA 3-month-old, intact female Czechoslovakian wolfdog was referred for growth retardation. General physical examination revealed an IV/VI left basilar continuous murmur, a body condition score of 3/9, body weight 2.2 kg, and dermatological alterations. Transthoracic echocardiography diagnosed patent duct arteriosus. Genetic testing revealed that the dog had a Lhx3 mutation and the low concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 confirmed the diagnosis of pituitary dwarfism. The endocrine disorder was treated with levothyroxine, and the congenital heart disease was corrected interventionally, leading to a net improvement in the clinical condition. After 3 years, the dog was referred for polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and alopecia. Diagnostic workup revealed pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism due to a pituitary macroadenoma. In addition to levothyroxine, the dog was treated with trilostane with resolution of the clinical signs
Quality of life and response to treatment in cats with hypersomatotropism: the owners’ point of view
No full textThe aim of this study was to collect clinical information from owners of cats with hypersomatotropism (HS) distributed worldwide, assessing the impact of HS and its treatments on cats' quality of life (QoL) and survival time.Fil: Corsini, Andrea. Università di Parma; Italia. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Niessen, Stijn J. M.. University of London. Royal Veterinary College; Reino UnidoFil: Miceli, Diego Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Caney, Sarah. Midlothian Innovation Centre; Reino UnidoFil: Zeugswetter, Florian K.. Veterinarmedizinische Universitat Wien; AustriaFil: Sieber Ruckstuhl, Nadja S.. Universitat Zurich; SuizaFil: Arenas, Carolina. Anicura Hospital Veterinario Valencia Sur; EspañaFil: Fleeman, Linda M. Animal Diabetes Australia; AustraliaFil: Leal, Rodolfo O. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal. Universidade de Lisboa. Facultade de Medicina Veterinária; PortugalFil: Battellino, Martina. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaFil: Fracassi, Federico. Universidad de Bologna; Itali
Monitoring of Diabetes Mellitus Using the Flash Glucose Monitoring System: The Owners’ Point of View
No full textThe flash glucose monitoring system (FGMS) has recently become one of the most common monitoring methods in dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of FGMS on the quality of life of diabetic pet owners (DPOs). Fifty DPOs were asked to answer a 30-question survey. More than 80% of DPOs considered FGMS easier to use and less stressful and painful for the animal compared to blood glucose curves (BGCs). Overall, 92% of DPOs reported that their pet had better diabetes control since using FGMS. The most challenging aspects of using the FGMS were ensuring proper sensor fixation during the wearing period (47%), preventing premature detachment (40%), and purchasing the sensor (34%). Moreover, 36% of DPOs reported that the device cost was difficult to afford in the long term. Comparing dogs and cats, a significantly higher number of dogs’ owners found the FGMS to be well-tolerated (79% vs. 40%), less invasive than BGCs (79% vs. 43%), and easier to maintain in situ (76% vs. 43%). In conclusion, FGMS is considered by DPOs to be easy to use and less stressful compared to BGCs, while enabling better glycemic control. Nevertheless, the costs related to its long-term use might be difficult to sustain
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