3,549 research outputs found
Constraint capture and maintenance in engineering design
No full textThe Designers' Workbench is a system, developed by the Advanced Knowledge Technologies (AKT) consortium to support designers in large organizations, such as Rolls-Royce, to ensure that the design is consistent with the specification for the particular design as well as with the company's design rule book(s). In the principal application discussed here, the evolving design is described against a jet engine ontology. Design rules are expressed as constraints over the domain ontology. Currently, to capture the constraint information, a domain expert (design engineer) has to work with a knowledge engineer to identify the constraints, and it is then the task of the knowledge engineer to encode these into the Workbench's knowledge base (KB). This is an error prone and time consuming task. It is highly desirable to relieve the knowledge engineer of this task, and so we have developed a system, ConEditor+ that enables domain experts themselves to capture and maintain these constraints. Further we hypothesize that in order to appropriately apply, maintain and reuse constraints, it is necessary to understand the underlying assumptions and context in which each constraint is applicable. We refer to them as “application conditions” and these form a part of the rationale associated with the constraint. We propose a methodology to capture the application conditions associated with a constraint and demonstrate that an explicit representation (machine interpretable format) of application conditions (rationales) together with the corresponding constraints and the domain ontology can be used by a machine to support maintenance of constraints. Support for the maintenance of constraints includes detecting inconsistencies, subsumption, redundancy, fusion between constraints and suggesting appropriate refinements. The proposed methodology provides immediate benefits to the designers and hence should encourage them to input the application conditions (rationales)
Adult status in Trapper Creek and thermal and physical habitat suitability in 2016
No full textSteven J. Starcevich, Elizabeth J. Bailey, and Michael H. Meeuwig (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife - Native Fish Investigations Program).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-33).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay "Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric," and Walter J. Ong's Thought
No full textSee the above abstract.In my 4,000-word review essay "Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay 'Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric,' and Walter J. Ong's Thought," I highlight certain points in Mailloux's perceptive essay in the new 290-page 2021 anthology Responding to the Sacred: An Inquiry into the Limits of Rhetoric, edited by Michael Bernard-Donals and Kyle Jensen (Penn State University Press, pages 77-98). For example, Mailloux discusses Pope Francis, the first Jesuit pope, and the Spanish Renaissance mystic St. Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556), the founder of the Jesuit order, and the author of the short book of instructions known as the Spiritual Exercises. In connection with highlights from Mailloux's fine essay, I discuss the thought of the American Jesuit Renaissance specialist and rhetorician Walter J. Ong (1912-2003; Ph.D. in English, Harvard University, 1955).N/AFarrell, Thomas. (2021). Steven Mailloux's 2021 Essay "Political Theologies of Sacred Rhetoric," and Walter J. Ong's Thought. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/219594
The role of ontologies in creating and maintaining corporate knowledge: a case study from the aero industry
No full textThe Designers’ Workbench is a system, developed to support designers in large organizations, such as Rolls-Royce, by making sure that the design is consistent with the specification for the particular design as well as with the company’s design rule book(s). The evolving design is described against a jet engine ontology. Currently, to capture the constraint information, a domain expert (design engineer) has to work with a knowledge engineer to identify the constraints, and it is then the task of the knowledge engineer to encode these into the Workbench’s knowledge base (KB). This is an error prone and time consuming task. It is highly desirable to relieve the knowledge engineer of this task, and so we have developed a tool, ConEditor+ that enables domain experts themselves to capture and maintain these constraints. The tool allows the user to combine selected entities from the domain ontology with keywords and operators of a constraint language to form a constraint expression. Further, we hypothesize that to apply constraints appropriately, it is necessary to understand the context in which each constraint is applicable. We refer to this as “application conditions”. We show that an explicit representation of application conditions, in a machine interpretable format, along with the constraints and the domain ontology can be used to support the verification and maintenance of constraints
ConEditor+: Capture and Maintenance of Constraints in Engineering Design
No full textThe Designers' Workbench is a system, developed to support designers in large organizations, such as Rolls-Royce, by making sure that the design is consistent with the specification for the particular design as well as with the company’s design rule book(s). Currently, to capture the constraint information, a domain expert (design engineer) has to work with a knowledge engineer to identify the constraints, and it is then the task of the knowledge engineer to encode these into the Workbench's knowledge base (KB). This is an error prone and time consuming task. It is highly desirable to relieve the knowledge engineer of this task, and so we have developed a tool, ConEditor+ that enables domain experts themselves to capture and maintain these constraints. The tool allows the user to combine selected entities from the domain ontology with keywords and operators of a constraint language to form a constraint expression. Further, we hypothesize that to apply constraints appropriately, it is necessary to understand the context in which each constraint is applicable. We refer to this as "application conditions". We show that an explicit representation of application conditions, in a machine interpretable format, along with the constraints and the domain ontology can be used to support the verification and maintenance of constraints
Wormwood Haunts
No full textThis cross-disciplinary project aims to capture and reflect on a unique, yet under-appreciated part of London, covering Wormwood scrubs and Willesden Junction. Currently part of Old Oak Common regeneration, the place is about to be transformed beyond recognition. The film asks questions about the importance of non-places, rights of way, private and public property and importance of preserving unique heritage.
Worm Wood is an ambitious poetic documentary project, which I will make in collaboration with poet Steven J Fowler, who will provide poetry and fragments of spoken narrative. The resulting impressionistic film will document and reflect on the ongoing transformation of Wormwood Scrubs and Willesden Junction, as it is redeveloped through the Old Oak Common regeneration project (http://www.oldoakpark.co.uk/about-the-area.aspx). The aim is to capture and preserve some of the existing unique places, record conversations with its residents, before these disappear, transformed into a “Canary Wharf” of northwest London. The film will become an "object" of memory keeping, an archive, while also asking questions about the importance of protecting liminal landscapes, often overlooked industrial zones, non-places. Can these be just dismissed as ugly, unimportant? And what does this all mean in relation to the rights of way, our sense of ownership, or even belonging, versus being excluded, unwelcome?
While rooted in the specific, local, there are also more universal themes at play: such as what is the tension between the need to modernise, expand, accommodate and the equally important one to preserve, protect, respectful? At a time when there is so much pressure on resources, what is the value of an undefined, unarticulated space?
Willesden Junction features in writing of John Berger (Railtracks), a book I co-published and the selected text of which I would like to also include in the film, as it provides another rich layer of meaning and history
Organic wastewater compounds, pharmaceuticals, and coliphage in ground water receiving discharge from onsite wastewater treatment systems near La Pine, Oregon: occurrence and implications for transport
No full textby Stephen R. Hinkle, Rodney J. Weick (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality), Jill M. Johnson (Deschutes County Environmental Health Division), Jeffery D. Cahill, Steven G. Smith, and Barbara J. Rich (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality) ; prepared in cooperation with Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and Deschutes County Environmental Health Division.Title from PDF cover (viewed on April 3, 2020).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).Mode of access: Internet from the State Library of Oregon U.S. Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Problem solving and principal’s interaction with accountability
No full textPROBLEM: Increasing accountability in public schools has created a new set of problems for school leaders. With the prominence of high stakes testing, the pressure to make Adequate Yearly Progress, accountability for closing the achievement gap of every subgroup of students, the demand for a highly qualified faculty and related pressures from school boards and communities, school leaders are faced with an array of unstructured, complex problems. Set within a rich literature on educational leadership and the relatively unexplored literature on problem solving, this study examines the school principal’s interaction with the problems created by accountability to determine how expert leaders perceive, approach, and engage others in addressing complex problems. Three areas of interaction are explored (Leader Capacity, Leader Response and Organizational Response) in order to address the following questions: * Does the mental model of the expert principal differ from a more typical principal as it relates to problem solving? * How do leaders’ beliefs, conceptions of problems, and knowledge influence their response in problem solving? * How does the problem solving capacity of the expert school leader differ from that of the non-expert? * Are there leader responses to problems created by accountability that offer the best possibility of school success? METHOD: A total sample of 24 New Jersey middle school principals were selected using a regression analysis of three years of New Jersey data from within four quadrants of performance: High Socio Economic Status (SES) and higher than predicated performance, low SES and higher than predicted performance, high SES and lower than predicated performance, low SES and lower than predicated performance. These principals must have been leaders in their respective schools for at least two years permitting their school’s performance to serve as a proxy for expertise. Once selected, principals were interviewed by two researchers using an in-depth guide in order to probe areas of interest in the study. The data from the 24 interviews was coded using a qualitative software package and analyzed according to the conceptual framework serving as the basis of discussion and findings. FINDINGS: Differences exist between successful principals and typical principals with respect to approaching and resolving complex problems. This study finds patterns of influence that are significant in capturing attributes of successful school leadership. Specifically, more expert principals tend to operate with an inventive mindset that approaches problems with an open mind toward trying new avenues toward reform. Similarly these principals are more likely to set broad goals for a problem’s resolution and engage others in a substantive fashion. SIGNIFICANCE: Adding to the rich body of literature on school leadership by offering a construct for effective problem solving addresses an important area of study. In an era of increasing accountability, transparency, and complexity, identifying school leaders with the capacity to innovate and set broad goals for addressing the complex problems associated with student achievement is essential.Ed. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Steven J. Maye
Correction for Millership et al., Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect -synuclein-null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity
No full textCorrection for “Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect γ-synuclein–null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity,” by Steven Millership, Natalia Ninkina, Irina A. Guschina, Jessica Norton, Ricardo Brambilla, Pieter J. Oort, Sean H. Adams, Rowena J. Dennis, Peter J. Voshol, Justin J. Rochford, and Vladimir L. Buchman, which appeared in issue 51, December 18, 2012, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (109:20943–20948; first published December 3, 2012; 10.1073/pnas.1210022110). The authors note that the author name Ricardo Brambilla should instead appear as Riccardo Brambilla. The corrected author line appears below. The online version has been corrected
Unified mathematical treatment of complex cascaded bipartite networks: The case of collections of journal papers
No full textIn this study, a mathematical treatment is proposed for analysis of entities and relations among entities in
complex networks consisting of cascaded bipartite networks. This treatment is applied to the case of
collections of journal papers. In this case, entities are distinguishable objects and concepts, such as papers,
references, paper authors, reference authors, paper journals, reference journals, institutions, terms, and term
definitions. Relations are associations between entity-types such as papers and the references they cite, or
paper authors and the papers they write. An entity-relationship model is introduced that explicitly shows
direct links between entity-types and possible useful indirect relations. From this a matrix formulation and
generalized matrix arithmetic are introduced that allow easy expression of relations between entities and
calculation of weights of indirect links and co-occurrence links. Occurrence matrices, equivalence
matrices, membership matrices and co-occurrence matrices are described. A dynamic model of growth
describes recursive relations in occurrence and co-occurrence matrices as papers are added to the paper
collection. Graph theoretic matrices are introduced to allow information flow studies of networks of papers
linked by their citations. Similarity calculations and similarity fusion are explained. Derivation of feature
vectors for pattern recognition techniques is presented. The relation of the proposed mathematical
treatment to seriation, clustering, multidimensional scaling, and visualization techniques is discussed. It is
shown that most existing bibliometric analysis techniques for dealing with collections of journal papers are
easily expressed in terms of the proposed mathematical treatment: co-citation analysis, bibliographic
coupling analysis, author co-citation analysis, journal co-citation analysis, Braam-Moed-vanRaan (BMV)
co-citation/co-word analysis, latent semantic analysis, hubs and authorities, and multidimensional scaling.
This report discusses an extensive software toolkit that was developed for this research for analyzing and
visualizing entities and links in a collection of journal papers. Additionally, an extensive case study is
presented, analyzing and visualizing 60 years of anthrax research through a collection of journal papers.
When dealing with complex networks that consist of cascaded bipartite networks, the treatment presented
here provides a general mathematical framework for all aspects of analysis of static network structure and
network dynamic growth. As such, it provides a basic paradigm for thinking about and modeling such
networks: computing direct and indirect links, expressing and analyzing statistical distributions of network
characteristics, describing network growth, deriving feature vectors, clustering, and visualizing network
structure and growth
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