1,721,109 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Characterisation of the mechanical properties of the hamstring muscle group in female athletes : impact of the menstrual cycle and adaptations to exercise-induced muscle damage
No full textLa pratique sportive féminine se développe rapidement, tandis que les femmes sont encore sous-représentées dans les études en sciences et médecine du sport par rapport aux hommes. Néanmoins, de plus en plus d’études s’intéressent à l’influence du sexe et plus spécifiquement de l’environnement hormonal féminin, au cours du cycle menstruel et de l’utilisation d’une contraception orale, sur les propriétés mécaniques musculaires, qui jouent un rôle important dans les processus de blessure musculaire. Pourtant, les effets du 17β-œstradiol et de la progestérone, les principales hormones sexuelles dont les concentrations varient au cours du cycle menstruel, demeurent peu étudiés in vivo, notamment au regard de leur impact potentiel sur la sévérité des dommages musculaires induits par l’exercice et sur les capacités subséquentes de régénération tissulaire. L’évaluation in vivo des propriétés mécaniques musculaires est facilitée par des techniques non-invasive d’imagerie comme l’élastographie ultrasonore par ondes de cisaillement, qui permet d’évaluer de façon très localisée la rigidité du tissu musculaire. Ces travaux de thèse ont pour objectif de caractériser les différences de propriétés mécaniques des muscles ischio-jambiers entre femmes et hommes et d’évaluer de potentielles modifications de rigidité musculaire au cours du cycle menstruel et de la prise d’une contraception orale. Ils explorent également la relation entre le cycle menstruel, la prise d’une contraception orale et la sévérité des dommages musculaires induits par un exercice excentrique isocinétique. Nos principaux résultats montrent que la rigidité musculaire passive du semi-tendineux, un des muscles ischio-jambiers, est plus faible chez les femmes que chez les hommes. En revanche, la rigidité passive des ischio-jambiers n’évolue pas au cours du cycle menstruel ou avec la prise d’une contraception orale, tandis que la rigidité active du semi-tendineux est plus faible lors de la phase lutéale du cycle menstruel, quand les concentrations en 17β-œstradiol et progestérone sont élevées. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de considérer les potentiels effets de la progestérone sur le tissu musculaire, qui restent très peu étudiés pour le moment, y compris chez l’animal. Par ailleurs, bien que nos résultats montrent que la sévérité des dommages musculaires induits par un exercice excentrique isocinétique n’est pas dépendante de la phase du cycle menstruel et de la prise d’une contraception orale, la rigidité du tissu musculaire lors de contractions sous-maximales n’est affectée par les dommages que lors de la phase lutéale, suggérant à nouveau un effet de la progestérone sur les propriétés mécaniques musculaires. De plus, la récupération des propriétés mécaniques passives du semi-tendineux est ralentie dans les groupes présentant des concentrations croissantes en 17β-œstradiol, suggérant un potentiel effet délétère de cette hormone sur le remodelage de la matrice extra-cellulaire. Enfin, nos résultats montrent une récupération retardée de la force maximale volontaire lors de la phase lutéale. Ainsi, la récupération post-lésionnelle semble plus lente lorsque les dommages musculaires sont induits dans la seconde partie du cycle menstruel.Female sports participation is rapidly growing, yet women remain underrepresented in sports science and medicine studies compared to men. Nevertheless, an increasing number of studies are examining the influence of sex and, more specifically, the female hormonal environment during the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive use on the mechanical properties of muscles, which play a significant role in muscle injury processes. However, the effects of 17β-estradiol and progesterone, the primary sex hormones whose concentrations fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, remain underexplored in vivo, particularly regarding their potential impact on the severity of exercise-induced muscle damage and subsequent tissue regeneration capacity. In vivo assessment of muscle mechanical properties is facilitated by non-invasive imaging techniques such as shear-wave elastography, which allows for highly localised evaluation of muscle tissue rigidity. This doctoral work aims to characterise differences in the mechanical properties of hamstring muscles between women and men and to assess potential changes in muscle rigidity throughout the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive use. It also explores the relationship between the menstrual cycle, oral contraceptive use, and the severity of muscle damage induced by isokinetic eccentric exercise. Our main results show that the passive rigidity of the semitendinosus, one of the hamstring muscles, is lower in women than in men. However, the passive rigidity of the hamstrings does not change throughout the menstrual cycle or with oral contraceptive use, whereas the active rigidity of the semitendinosus is lower during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, when 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations are high. These findings highlight the importance of considering the potential effects of progesterone on muscle tissue, which remain largely under-researched, even in animal studies. Moreover, while our results indicate that the severity of muscle damage induced by isokinetic eccentric exercise is not dependent on the menstrual cycle phase or oral contraceptive use, muscle tissue rigidity during submaximal contractions is affected by damage only during the luteal phase, once again suggesting an effect of progesterone on muscle mechanical properties. Additionally, the recovery of passive mechanical properties of the semitendinosus is slower in groups with increasing 17β-estradiol concentrations, suggesting a potential deleterious effect of this hormone on extracellular matrix remodelling. Finally, our results show delayed recovery of maximal voluntary strength during the luteal phase. Thus, post-injury recovery appears to be slower when muscle damage occurs in the second half of the menstrual cycle
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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