1,720,978 research outputs found
Baalbaki Ramzi, The Arabic Lexicographical Tradition. Leiden- Boston, Brill, 2014
No full textFoulon Brigitte. Baalbaki Ramzi, The Arabic Lexicographical Tradition. Leiden- Boston, Brill, 2014. In: Bulletin critique des annales islamologiques, n°31, 2017. pp. 1-8
The journey to the East through the prism of a Mudejar. A discourse between ideological perspective and quest for identity
No full textAppréhender l'œuvre d'Ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ, un Mudéjar du XIVe / XVe, permet de dégager lescorrespondances existant entre les différentes œuvres de riḥla et les spécificités d'un auteur de cette époque. Son œuvre est indissociable de son vécu et les récits sont racontés sous le prisme de l'identité arabo-musulmane. Ainsi, à travers l’analyse de l'écriture personnelle de l'auteur, se profile la revendication d'une identité culturelle et politique, où la présence d’autrui exerce un rôle très important dans la construction de l'individu.Dans ce contexte, l’objet d’une négociation identitaire est mis en lumière par l'auteur, mettant en rapport la construction conjointe de l’espace et d'une identité, dans le but de lutter contre l’oubli en les insérant dans la mémoire collective.L’espace apparait ainsi comme une donnée sensible à partir de laquelle naît la représentation de soi. Il permet alors le surgissement d’un monde imaginaire qui sera le plus propice à modeler l’espace en fonction du propos qu’Ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ veut servir.Cet auteur nous fournit donc un portrait de la société mudéjare entre la fin du XIVe siècle et le début du XVe siècle, mettant en lumière les enjeux identitaires de l'époque.Understanding the work of Ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ, a Mudéjar of 14th / 15th century, makes it possible to identify the correspondences existing between the different works of riḥla and the specificities of an author of this period. His work is inseparable from his experience and the stories are told through the prism of Arab-Muslim identity. Thus, through the analysis of the author's personal writing, the claim of a cultural and political identity emerges, where the presence of others plays a very important role in the construction of the individual. In this context, a negotiation of identity an is highlighted by the author. This links the joint construction of space and an identity by inserting them in collective memory and with the aim fighting against oversight. Space appears as a perceptible factor from which self-representation is born. It then allows the emergence of an imaginary world that will be the most suitable to modeling the space according to the purpose that Ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ wants to serve. This author therefore provides us with a portrait of Mudéjar societybetween the end of the 14th century and the beginning of the 15th century, highlighting the identity issues of the time
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Representations of Ibn Ḥazm of Cordoba in Arabic biographical notes and in orientalist literature : cultural history of a medieval Arab-Latin memorial construction until its reception in contemporary Orientalist and Arab literature
No full textAussi ambivalente que clivante, la figure d’Ibn Ḥazm met en relief les stratégies narratives et la rhétorique mémorielle d’un vaste corpus que sont les notices biographiques arabes médiévales. La citation et les figures d’autorité constituent des outils fondamentaux dans la construction de la memoria arabo-musulmane. L’étude intertextuelle des notices biographiques consacrées à Ibn Ḥazm nous renseigne à la fois sur les différentes pratiques citationnelles arabes à l’époque médiévale mais aussi sur le processus par lequel se sont établis les différents réseaux intertextuels et nous informent sur la circulation du savoir dans le monde arabo-musulman médiéval. L’un des points communs entre savants arabo-musulmans et européens réside dans sa force d’être une source d’inspiration identitaire ou culturelle. Le Collier de la colombe (Ṭawq l-ḥamāma) lui a permis, à l’époque contemporaine, de compter parmi les plus éminents littérateurs arabo-andalous. Aurait-il connu la même notoriété si la découverte du fameux traité amoureux n’avait pas eu lieu ? Notre étude se propose donc de remonter le fil du temps, de décomposer la construction de la mémoire ḥazmienne depuis l’époque médiévale jusqu’à sa réception à l’époque contemporaine. En s’appuyant sur les théories littéraires de l’intertextualité et des travaux littérométriques, nous avons découvert que ce personnage historique a permis la construction de ponts mémoriels de part et d’autre de la Méditerranée.As ambivalent as it is divisive, the figure of Ibn Ḥazm highlights narrative strategies and the memorial rhetoric of a vast corpus of medieval Arab biographies. Quotation and authority figures are fundamental tools in the construction of the Arab-Muslim memoria. The intertextual study of the biographical notices devoted to Ibn Ḥazm informs us both about the different Arabic quoting practices in medieval times but also about the process by which the different intertextual networks were established and informs us on the circulation of knowledge in the medieval Arab-Muslim world. One of the common points between Arab-Muslim and European scholars is its strength in being a source of identity or cultural inspiration. The Ring of the Dove (Ṭawq l-ḥamāma) has enabled him, in contemporary times, to be one of the most eminent Arab-Andalusian literator. Would he have known the same notoriety if the discovery of the famous love treaty had not taken place? Our study therefore proposes to go back in time, to break down the construction of ḥazmian memory from medieval times to its reception in contemporary times. Relying on literary theories of intertextuality and literometric works, we discovered that this historical character allowed the construction of memorial bridges on both sides of the Mediterranean
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Šarīf al-Raḍī’s ḥiğāziyyāt : study of a pioneer poetic genre in the 10th century
No full textŠarīf al-Raḍī, auteur incontournable pour qui souhaite étudier la poésie arabe à travers son histoire, peut difficilement être catalogué. En effet, bien qu’il ait profité des courant littéraire qui l’ont précédé, ce poète précoce, critique littéraire, juriste, linguiste et émir du hadj a petit à petit développé son propre genre poétique à travers les ḥiğāziyyāt, composant ainsi des poésies d’amour autour des lieux saints du pèlerinage. Cette étude visera donc dans un premier temps à comprendre ce qui fait l’originalité de ce genre en son temps pour enfin tenter de saisir la portée de l’influence des ḥiğāziyyāt sur la poésie arabe des siècles qui ont succédé à notre poète.Šarīf al-Raḍī, major writer whose work has to be studied by anyone interested in Arabic poetry throughout time, can hardly be classified. While he took advantage from past literary movements, this poet, who started writing at an early age and became a literary critic as well as a linguist, a jurist and the emir of hajj, gradually developed a new poetical genre through his ḥiğāziyyāt. He thus composed love poems that revolve around the sacred places of pilgrimage. This study aims at understanding what made this genre unique in its time before trying to grasp the scope of the ḥiğāziyyāt’s influence on Arabic poetry in the following centuries
Le corps du poète dans la poésie arabe médiévale, d’après l’œuvre d’Ibn Ḫafāǧa
No full textL’œuvre poétique d’Ibn Ḫafāǧa installe une figure du poète que nous aborderons ici uniquement à travers les manifestations du corps. Cette construction intra-discursive participe de l’« ethos auctorial » (Amossy, 2006), image verbale que le locuteur construit de lui-même dans tout discours en général, et dans le discours littéraire en particulier. Si l’objectif visé par cette construction est d’établir une figure exemplaire du poète, cette exemplarité est tributaire des genres cultivés par la tradition poétique arabe et du code transmis par cette dernière. En outre, elle se doit d’être conforme aux normes culturelles en vigueur dans un milieu particulier et restreint, celui des élites politiques et culturelles d’al-Andalus, et en un temps donné, la fin des Taïfas et l’État almoravide. Nous serons amenée à constater que les valeurs véhiculées par cette figure peuvent, à ce titre, s’écarter significativement de celles prévalant, quant au comportement et aux attitudes corporelles, dans d’autres milieux de la société arabo-musulmane.Notre étude se développera essentiellement à partir de 2 axes, dans une approche phénoménologique :– Le corps mis en scène : les âges de la vie, le corps dans l’espace et en mouvement…– Le corps, siège et miroir des émotions : traductions poétiques des réactions physiques aux affects : chagrin, passion, angoisse, émotion esthétique (ṭarab).Within his own poetry, Ibn Ḫafāǧa’s builds an image of the poet. We will focus here on the bodily aspects of this image. This theoretical construction within the poetic discourse is part of the “author’s ethos” (Amossy, 2006). This term refers to a verbal image that the speaker uses to speak about himself in any given type of discourse, and especially in literature. While the aim of this construction is to establish an exemplary picture of the poet, this exemplarity is also the result of the different kinds of discourse in Arabic poetry and of its codification. In addition, this image must be coherent with the current cultural standards in a particular environment, that is to say the environment of the political and cultural elites in al-Andalus, and during a particular period, the end of the Taïfas’ reign and of the Almoravid dynasty. However, we will question the values conveyed by this image, in that they can differ from the bodily manners that prevail in other parts of Arabo-Islamic society.Our study is divided into two parts, following a phenomenological approach. First of all, it deals with the way the author introduces the poet’s body throughout the various stages of life, and the movements of the body in time and space. Thereafter, it considers the poet’s body as the seat and the mirror of emotions and physical reactions to psychological affects such as sadness, anxiety, esthetical emotions (ṭarab)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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