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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Terrorism and emigration: does it depend on the measure and sample used?
No full textThe relationship between terrorism and migration is currently an international issue. This paper studies the impact of the total number of victims and the total number of attacks on migration flows. Moreover, I estimate the impact of terrorism on migration flows according to countries' level of development. The main hypothesis is that terrorism can decrease freedom of movement in the poorest countries, and increase migration costs due to higher adaptation costs. At the world level, I find that the number of victims has a positive and significant effect on international emigration, while this is not true for the number of attacks. Interestingly, South-South migration is not affected by terrorism, while the South-North corridor is influenced by both the number of victims and the number of attacks. However, when the development gap between origin and destination increases, these effects tend to shade off
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Essays on migration, migration intentions, and terrorism
No full textDoes terrorism affect migration? What drives migrants to stay in their host country, go back, or move onward?
Terrorism is virtually everywhere since 2001. This particular type of violence has a long history, but intensified drastically since the 9/11 attack and the rise of Al-Qaeda ISIS. In parallel, the total number of migrants worlwide keeps increasing, with the overall total number of migrants tripling in the last 50 years according to the World Migration Report 2020. Despite these evidences, little is known about how terrorism affects migration rates. Also, few research has been conducted about why migrants decide to stay in their host country, go back to their birth country, or move onward. This dissertation brings a scientific perspective to improve our understanding of who migrates and the determinants of population movements so as to better anticipate present and future challenges related to population management.
In this dissertation, the most commonly used index of terror intensity (Global Terrorism Index) was improved to obtain accurate data at the regional and monthly levels for more than 130 countries between 2007 and 2015. Similarly, data on
migration rates and migration intentions have been extracted from the Annual Bilateral Migration Database and the Gallup World Poll respectively. Both database allow to study yearly changes in patterns of migration (intentions) in a large set of countries. In addition, the latter allows to simultaneously measure the effect of terrorism on intentions to migrate internally and internationally.
Overall, the more attacks there are in a region/country, the more people seem to move to another region/country or avoid the place attacked. The magnitude of the effect is rather small though. Also, the number of victims seems to be the main determinant of people’s decision to move. Importantly, terrorism has an effect on people’s decision to move on top of conflicts, despite the large majority of attacks happening during conflicts. At the microeconomic level, the more educated the impacted population is, the more likely they are to move after terrorist attacks. In addition, religious individuals seem to cope better after terrorist events, and thus intend to move less. Yet, estimated relationships appear to vary by the type of countries (depending on their income level) considered.
Furthermore, few studies have looked simultaneously at the reasons driving migrants to stay in their host country, return at origin, or move onward. In this dissertation, it is shown that the majority of first generation immigrants aspire
to stay in their host country. We found that migrants wanting to move tend to be younger, non-married, with worse health, new in the host country, and living mostly in Africa or Latin/South America. The location of migrants’ family and
friends is also an important factor in migrants' location decision. Interestingly, the decision does not seem to be primarily driven by economic well-being, but rather by social fulfilment. Another striking result is that migrants are willing to go back to their country of origin when there is an unexpected event such as a disaster or a rise in terror intensity there to help their relatives.
For policy-makers, understanding whether terrorism influences internal and international migration rates is of utmost concern. They can use that information to adjust assimilation programs or negotiate agreements about migrants’ receptions with their neighbouring countries. Knowing the typical profiles of migrants is also essential to ease the integration of targeted newcomers or retain valued individuals, but also to understand migrants’ incentives and indirect benefits for sending countries through remittances
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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