102,057 research outputs found
Sistemi automatici di diagnostica per immagini in ricerca e nella pratica clinica: stato dell’arte e prospettive di sviluppo
No full textFinite Element Simulations of Laser Refractive Corneal Surgery
No full textWe setup a mechanically based finite element model to evaluate the change in the shape of the human cornea induced by ablation of stromal tissue. By considering the deformability of the cornea, the model computes the change of the dioptric power resulting from ablative laser surgery. We use a previously developed 3-D finite element model of the human cornea (Pandolfi and Manganiello in Biomech Model Mechanobiol 5:237-246, 2006). The solid geometry is discretized into finite elements by an automatic procedure which recovers the unloaded configuration. The geometry is defined in parametric form and can be characterized by individual geometrical data when available. A two-fiber reinforced hyperelastic material model, which accounts for the organization of the anisotropic collagen structure, is adopted to describe the stromal tissue. For the simulation of laser refractive surgery of myopic and astigmatic eyes, a geometrical correction of the corneal profile is included into the code. We show two examples of application of the model to the reshaping of a myopic and an astigmatic eye. Numerical results provide the postoperative shape of the cornea, the corrected refractive power, and the distribution of the stress throughout the stromal tissue
Allowing privacy-preserving analysis of social network likes
No full textSocial network Likes, as the 'Like Button' records of Facebook, can be used to automatically and accurately predict highly sensitive personal attributes. Even though this could be done for non malicious reasons, for example to improve products, services, and targeting, it represents a dangerous invasion of privacy with sometimes intolerable consequences. Anyway, completely defusing the information power of Likes appears improper. In this paper, we propose a mechanism able to keep Likes unlinkable to the identity of their authors, but to allow the user to choose every time she expresses a Like, those non-identifying (even sensitive) attributes she wants to reveal. This way, anonymous analysis relating Likes to various characteristics of the population is preserved, with no risk for users' privacy. The protocol is shown to be secure and also ready to the possible future evolution of social networks towards P2P fully distributed models. © 2013 IEEE
Trust in Edge-based Internet of Things Architectures: State of the Art and Research Challenges
No full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) aims to enable a scenario where smart objects, inserted into information networks, supply smart services for human beings. The introduction of edge computing in IoT can reduce the decision-making latency, save bandwidth resources, and expand the cloud services to be allocated at the network's edge. However, edge-based IoT systems currently face challenges in their decentralized trust management. Trust management is essential to obtain reliable mining and data fusion, improved user privacy and data security, and provisioning of services with context-awareness. In this survey, we first examine the edge-based IoT architectures currently reported in the literature. Then a complete review of trust requirements in edge-based IoT systems is produced. Also, we discuss about blockchain as a solution to solve several trust problems in IoT and analyze in detail the correlation between blockchain and edge computing. Finally, we provide a detailed analysis of performance aspects of trusted edge-based IoT systems and recommend promising research directions
A privacy-preserving e-participation framework allowing citizen opinion analysis
No full textIn e-democracy, e-participation represents a key component, as it is the way to adapt government decisions to the real expectations of citizens. The availability of information-communication technologies represents the basis for the implementation of concrete plans of citizens' participation to the government of the community. However, there is a non trivial trade-off to manage, between security and privacy needs and opinion analysis opportunities. Indeed, whereas we have to guarantee that the action of citizens is kept anonymous, relating opinions to information about people allows the government management to coherently orient the executive action. In this paper, we present a solution of the above trade-off, by proposing a framework relying on existing social networks and working through cryptographic protocols able to ensure citizens' anonymity yet enabling opinion analysis. A careful security analysis and the addressing of the main implementation issues make the proposal ready to a secure and feasible adoption in real-life contexts
Implementing Advanced Electronic Signature by Public Digital Identity System (SPID)
No full textAdvanced electronic signature is a form of signature recognized by EU legislation, which does not include the heaviest features of qualified electronic signature (i.e., qualified PKI certificates and qualified signature creation devices). The massive adoption of advanced electronic signature strictly depends on how solutions are easy, usable, and little invasive for citizens. In this paper, we propose a new advanced electronic signature protocol that relies on a public system for the management of the digital identity. Our proposal aims at implementing an effective synergy between the two mechanisms to provide the citizen with a unique, uniform, portable, and effective tool applicable to both peer authentication and document signature. The solution is designed for the Italian Public Digital Identity System (SPID), but it is easily extensible to any identity management system compliant with the EU regulatory environment (i.e., eIDAS)
Study of the cell/polyelectrolytes interaction: The role of the hyaluronan-based pericellular matrix
No full text[No abstract available
Allowing Continuous Evaluation of Citizen Opinions through Social Networks
No full textImplementing concepts like e-governance and e-democracy requires to effectively allow the continuous participation of citizens in decisional processes of the community. In this context, a crucial aspect is the possibility of receiving the opinion of citizens in several situations. To do this, a massive adoption of existing e-voting systems is in fact unfeasible, but the guarantee that the basic security features are supported, is anyway necessary. In this paper, we propose a lightweight e-voting system relying on existing social networks which appears promising for the above applications. Indeed, our proposal solves the trade-off between security and complexity arising from the scenario of continuous opinion evaluation. © 2012 Springer-Verlag
Social Signature: Signing by Tweeting
No full textIn many application contexts, qualified electronic signature appears difficult to be adopted both for the cost of smart cards and qualified certificates and for the complexity of the signing, verification, registration and certificate management.However, the European legislation allows us to use electronic signatures when application scope of the signature is limited. As a consequence, designing new signature protocols that relax the heaviest features of qualified electronic signature in favor of usability and cheapness is a timely and important issue. In this paper, we propose a new lightweight e-signature protocol with a good level of security, not using public key cryptography and dedicated devices. The protocol is conceived for closed domains of users, such as the case of document exchanges between citizens and municipal public offices or private companies and employees. According to the protocol, signature functions are spread out over the popular social network Twitter, without requiring changes of its features, so that the adoption of our solution appears both realistic and effective. © 2014 Springer International Publishing
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