125,040 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A comprehensive overview of microbiome data in the light of machine learning applications: categorization, accessibility, and future directions
No full textMetagenomics, Metabolomics, and Metaproteomics have significantly advanced our knowledge of microbial communities by providing culture-independent insights into their composition and functional potential. However, a critical challenge in this field is the lack of standard and comprehensive metadata associated with raw data, hindering the ability to perform robust data stratifications and consider confounding factors. In this comprehensive review, we categorize publicly available microbiome data into five types: shotgun sequencing, amplicon sequencing, metatranscriptomic, metabolomic, and metaproteomic data. We explore the importance of metadata for data reuse and address the challenges in collecting standardized metadata. We also, assess the limitations in metadata collection of existing public repositories collecting metagenomic data. This review emphasizes the vital role of metadata in interpreting and comparing datasets and highlights the need for standardized metadata protocols to fully leverage metagenomic data's potential. Furthermore, we explore future directions of implementation of Machine Learning (ML) in metadata retrieval, offering promising avenues for a deeper understanding of microbial communities and their ecological roles. Leveraging these tools will enhance our insights into microbial functional capabilities and ecological dynamics in diverse ecosystems. Finally, we emphasize the crucial metadata role in ML models development
Fosso Mandromicci, Gerfalco, Montieri (Grosseto). Nuovi ritrovamenti
No full textRecenti escursioni, campionamenti e accurate indagini analitiche hanno portato a un più completo quadro
mineralogico delle antiche emergenze di Fosso Mandromicci. Desiderio degli autori è di aggiornare e integrare
l’articolo uscito in precedenza su questa rivista con una lista mineralogica generale della località non priva
di sorprese e ritrovamenti interessanti tra cui arsentsumebite, auricalcite, beaverite-(Cu), clorargirite, corkite,
hidalgoite, mimetite, oxyplumboroméite, pirolusite, piromorfite, tsumebite, willemite e argento in campioni
che si possono considerare “storici” per la Toscana. Una breve nota descrittiva della località introdurrà i
minerali campionati, riconosciuti visivamente e confermati da analisi SEM-EDS, Raman e diffrattometrici.
Arsentsumebite e tsumebite rappresentano rispettivamente la prima e la seconda segnalazione per l’Italia
Comparative adaptation of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa in diesel supplemented medium and impact on biodegradation potential
No full textThe degree of diesel blending is likely to influence its toxicity as well as the susceptibility and speed of biodegradation. It is therefore imperative to identify strains that can degrade diesel blend in record time, such as to minimize the impact on the environment. In this study the response of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to induced tolerance to diesel is comparatively analyzed and the implication on the biodegradation of blended diesel investigated using the gravimetric analysis method.
Results show that biodiesel promotes the degradation of diesel blend; however the induction of resistance affects differently the biodegradation potential of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. From two weeks to eight weeks induction time, there was increase of the biodegradation capabilities of B. subtilis, 213 % for B0, 24 % for B10 and 62 % for B50, while the biodegradation potential of P. aeruginosa decreased: 17% for B0, 60% for B10, 51% for B50.
The induction of tolerance to diesel could therefore be exploited to improve the biodegradation potential of B. subtilis, but further treatment will certainly be required for P. aeruginos
Propaganda and Portraiture: Samuel Fosso, Kehinde Wiley, and China-Africa Relations
No full textCameroonian Photographer Samuel Fosso (b. 1962) and American painter KehindeWiley (b. 1977) use portraiture as a vehicle for political and cultural expression in theirseries Emperor of Africa (Fosso, 2012) and The World Stage: China (Wiley, 2007). As a result, both series serve as commentary on contemporary politics involving Africa and China as a result. While the visual similarities between the two series are apparent due to both artist’s incorporation and reinterpretation of Chinese motifs, the connection between Fosso and Wiley extends to include parallel explorations of propaganda, mimicry, cultural identity, and satire. This paper employs post-colonial methodologies to analyze Fosso’s and Wiley’s use of Chinese propaganda-poster imagery in their portraits in the context of Sino-African relations. By situating the works within the complex neocolonial relationship between China and Africa, this paper considers the art historical ramifications of the two series to discuss issues of identity construction, mimicry, satire, and authenticity in portraiture.
In a summary of findings, this paper details how Fosso’s and Wiley’s portraits functionas a political statement of Sino-African relations, and also how both series question the idea of propaganda, portraiture, and cultural identity. Specifically, this project examines how Fosso and Wiley create political portraiture by employing ideas of mimicry. I argue that, as multi-cultural artists, Fosso and Wiley appropriate iconic Chinese motifs to reflect their own global identities. In turn, both artists suggest that through their exploration of propaganda imagery, portraiture can also be used as a medium for political expression
Adaptation behaviour of bacterial species and impact on the biodegradation of biodiesel-diesel
No full textTwo bacteria, namely Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed to different concentrations of diesel to increase their adaptation to the fossil fuel, and were used for the degradation of diesel-biodiesel blends. The biodegradation rate was evaluated using the redox indicator 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) test and gravimetric analysis. The preliminary exposure of cells to diesel proved to improve their biodegradation capacities, and exposure to a higher concentration (70%) of diesel resulted in maximum biodegradation of up to 58.38 g and 1.78 g of degraded oil per CFU/mL (1010) for P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis respectively. It was found that the adapted cells preferably used diesel in the blend. P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis exhibited different adaptation capabilities and biodegradation behaviour. Biodiesel stimulated the biodegradation of the diesel-biodiesel blends by non-adapted cells only; the adapted cells exhibited a different behaviou
Evolução do fosso digital em Portugal 1997-2007: uma abordagem sociológica
No full textNesta tese realizada a partir da análise das estatísticas relativas à utilização das tecnologias da informação em Portugal (1997-2007), o autor conclui que o fosso digital está a diminuir. A evolução do fosso digital em Portugal é no entanto marcada por duas fases distintas: 1997-2002 e 2002-2007. Na primeira fase de 1997 a 2002 verificaram-se aumentos das disparidades em termos do acesso à informação (acesso a computador e internet definida pela metodologia DIDIX, utilizada para a medição e comparabilidade das estatísticas relativas ao fosso digital). De 2002 a 2007 verifica-se pelo contrário a diminuição do fosso digital em todas as dimensões. O estudo concluiu que o número de mulheres utilizadoras de computador/internet é de apenas -10% em relação à população total, seguida pelos jovens que acabaram os seus estudos formais à idade igual ou inferior a 15 anos (-40%) e pelos indivíduos com mais de 55 anos (-58%), segundo as estatísticas do INE/UMIC.
O estudo analisa em profundidade as diversas dimensões relativas ao fosso digital (idade, educação, género e geografia), bem como a sua quantificação, permitindo retirar as seguintes conclusões principais: a) o aumento das taxas de crescimento de utilização de computador/internet por todos os utilizadores, mas particularmente entre as mulheres (+50% relativamente a 2002) e b) o número de utilizadores com mais de 55 anos foi o que mais cresceu (quase triplicou relativamente a 2002).In this thesis made from the analysis of statistics of use of ICTs in Portugal (1997-2007), the author concludes that digital divide is closing. In fact, the evolution of digital divide in Portugal is marked by two distinct phases: 1997-2002 and 2002-2007. In the first phase between 1997 and 2002 the information disparities among users have increased (access to computer and internet as defined by DIDIX methodology, as used for the measurement and to make international comparisons of the statistics over digital divide). Between 2002 and 2007, in the other hand, the gap is closing in all its dimensions. The study concludes that the number of women users of computer/internet is only -10% over total users, followed by people who finished formal school education at an age of 15 years or below (- 40%), and by people aged 55 years or older (-58%), according to statistics of the INE/UMIC.
The study also analyzes in depth the diverse dimensions of the digital divide (age, education, gender and geography), as well as its quantification, making the following main conclusions: a) a growth rate increase has been done in using computer/internet by all users, but particularly by women (+50% over 2002) and b) the growth of users with more than 55 years (almost tripled over 2002)
Evolução do fosso digital em Portugal 1997-2007: uma abordagem sociológica
No full textNesta tese realizada a partir da análise das estatísticas relativas à utilização das tecnologias da informação em Portugal (1997-2007), o autor conclui que o fosso digital está a diminuir. A evolução do fosso digital em Portugal é no entanto marcada por duas fases distintas: 1997-2002 e 2002-2007. Na primeira fase de 1997 a 2002 verificaram-se aumentos das disparidades em termos do acesso à informação (acesso a computador e internet definida pela metodologia DIDIX, utilizada para a medição e comparabilidade das estatísticas relativas ao fosso digital). De 2002 a 2007 verifica-se pelo contrário a diminuição do fosso digital em todas as dimensões. O estudo concluiu que o número de mulheres utilizadoras de computador/internet é de apenas -10% em relação à população total, seguida pelos jovens que acabaram os seus estudos formais à idade igual ou inferior a 15 anos (-40%) e pelos indivíduos com mais de 55 anos (-58%), segundo as estatísticas do INE/UMIC.
O estudo analisa em profundidade as diversas dimensões relativas ao fosso digital (idade, educação, género e geografia), bem como a sua quantificação, permitindo retirar as seguintes conclusões principais: a) o aumento das taxas de crescimento de utilização de computador/internet por todos os utilizadores, mas particularmente entre as mulheres (+50% relativamente a 2002) e b) o número de utilizadores com mais de 55 anos foi o que mais cresceu (quase triplicou relativamente a 2002).In this thesis made from the analysis of statistics of use of ICTs in Portugal (1997-2007), the author concludes that digital divide is closing. In fact, the evolution of digital divide in Portugal is marked by two distinct phases: 1997-2002 and 2002-2007. In the first phase between 1997 and 2002 the information disparities among users have increased (access to computer and internet as defined by DIDIX methodology, as used for the measurement and to make international comparisons of the statistics over digital divide). Between 2002 and 2007, in the other hand, the gap is closing in all its dimensions. The study concludes that the number of women users of computer/internet is only -10% over total users, followed by people who finished formal school education at an age of 15 years or below (- 40%), and by people aged 55 years or older (-58%), according to statistics of the INE/UMIC.
The study also analyzes in depth the diverse dimensions of the digital divide (age, education, gender and geography), as well as its quantification, making the following main conclusions: a) a growth rate increase has been done in using computer/internet by all users, but particularly by women (+50% over 2002) and b) the growth of users with more than 55 years (almost tripled over 2002)
Arsenic and mercury mass loads released by the Fosso della Chiusa creek waters (Mt. Amiata, central Italy)
No full textThe Mt. Amiata Hg-district (southern Tuscany, Italy) is dominated by the homonymous volcanic system
(0.3-0.2 Ma) and it is well-known as a ‘’World class deposits’’ from where liquid mercury was produced by
roasting processes of cinnabar (HgS). At least sixteen sites of HgS-rich ore deposits in a radius of about 20 km
(i.e. Piancastagnaio, Pietrineri, Carpineto, Le Bagnore, Monte Labbro) were cultivated up to the early eighties.
Among these mining sites, that of Abbadia San Salvatore was by far the most important, with galleries reaching
400 m depth and with a production of more 100,000 tons of liquid mercury. The underground water system is
almost exclusively drained by the Galleria Italia circumneutral mine drainage, characterized by a Ca(Mg)-SO4
composition and high concentrations of Fe, Mn and Al (18714, 493 and 487 μg/L, respectively) and dissolved
CO2. This mine drainage is connected through the Fosso della Chiusa creek to the riverine network of Pagliola,
Paglia and Tiber rivers, the latter crossing Rome before entering the Tyrrhenian Sera. The Fosso della Chiusa
is a 2.1 km long creek with an average flow rate of 40 L/s. This work is aimed at: (1) characterizing the As and
Hg concentrations in the different environmental compartments (waters, suspended material and sediments);
(2) studying the factors that affect their mobility in the aqueous medium; (3) estimating the yearly loads of
As and Hg discharged by the Fosso della Chiusa . Thirteen sampling sites, located at about 150-200 m each
other, all along the Fosso della Chiusa were collected. At each site, the water physicochemical parameters
were measured, stream sediments (with the exception of one) and water samples for the determination of the
main cationic and anionic species and dissolved As and Hg were collected. At the input point and exit point
of the creek, 2 L of water were filtered with the aim to collect the suspended particulate on cellulose filters
and to measure the turbidity. The results confirmed the Ca(Mg)-SO4 water composition, with the content of
dissolved As varying between 12 and 0.3 μg/L, with a decreasing pattern along the creek, while the Hg values
are swinging (between 0.1 and 2.8 mg/L) with higher values in central points of the creek. In the particulate
fraction, Hg and As showed concentrations at the inflow and outflow sites of 52 and 4.7 mg/kg and 77 and
0.27 mg/kg, respectively. Sediments showed a linear decrease for As (from 336 to 7 mg/kg), while for the Hg is
showed from 7.5 to 153 mg/kg without a specific trend. The mass load, computed by applying a 40 L/sec flow
rate, released from the Fosso della Chiusa creek was of about 1.3 kg yr-1 for Hg and 0.7 kg yr-1 for As, these
values being comparable with those calculated for the Bonanza mine (western Oregon, Gray et alii, 2012) and
the San Carlos creek which drains the New Idrija Hg mine (California, Ganguli et alii, 2000)
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